1.  Economic equality for all through the distribution of property by the government  Primarily the result of the negative effects of the Industrial Revolutions on proletariat (workers)  Believed capitalism was seriously flawed  Wealth was concentrated in the hands of the few  Unemployment and low wages

2.  Supported productive capacity of industrialism, BUT denounced its management of wealth  often advocated for the creation of ideal communities without the ruthlessness of capitalism

3.  Robert Owen – saw no incompatibility between a humane industrial environment and a good profit envisioned communities where people factory and farm workers lived together and shared their resources New Harmony, Indiana – fails due to quarrels amongst workers

4. Robert Owen, the Scottish industrialist and early socialist, created an ideal industrial community at New Lanark, Scotland. He believed deeply in the power of education and saw that the children of workmen received sound educations. Picture Desk, Inc./Kobal Collection

5.  Count Claude Henri de Saint-Simon – Wanted a planned society in which the public owned capital and industrial equipment Wanted the communities’ wealth managed by experts to achieve social harmony  Charles Fourier – advocated the construction of phalanxes – agrarian communities where people did different tasks everyday All the skills needed to make a society function were represented by its members

6.  Louis Blanc believed every person had a right to a job  The state should provide work for the unemployed in gov’t-sponsored workshops  Workers should get to vote to improve economic status  Experienced short success in France

7.  Auguste Blanqui—called for the violent overthrow of capitalism  Pierre-Joseph Proudhon—advocated for mutualism  a system of small businesses cooperating in the exchange of goods No need for gov’t since business will exchange goods based on recognition of labor

9.  Proletariat—the laboring class of society  Bourgeoisie—the middle class of society

10.  Karl Marx – believed class conflict will eventually lead to the triumph of the industrial proletariat over the bourgeoisie and the abolition of private property and social class – becomes to be known as Marxism  Friedrich Engels published The Condition of the Working Class in England – presented a devastating picture of working conditions in industrial life joined with Marx to write Communist Manifesto – called for more radical change then socialism – the outright abolition of private property, rather than just the redistribution

11.  Small group with one reader  When teacher says “stop,” the reader stops reading and everyone in the group writes down one thing that he/she remembers from the reading.  Continue until the reading is finished.  Share your statements with the group.  Develop one question about Karl Marx

12.  Marx’s “un-utopian” forecast  List and describe Marx’s 3 laws  A friend in Friedrich Engels  Focus of The Communist Manifesto  Vision of society based on Marx  Communism—the state will ______ away  Communism--the ________haunting Europe  Message of Marx’s Capital

13.  Economic View of History—economics shape history foremost  Class Struggle of History between “haves” and “have nots” Capitalist versus proletariat  Working class will revolt and establish a new gov’t based on a collective, classless society

14.  Capitalists take advantage of workers by not paying the true value of their labor Difference between workers’ wage and price of good is called the surplus value or profits for capitalists  create class struggles Antagonist material forces produce change  economic determinism  Communism will result from a classless society, free of gov’t, and private property “from each according to his ability to each according to his needs”