1. Immigration

2. Old Immigrants Protestants Northwest Europe England, Germany Holland
Scandinavia

3. New Immigrants Southern and Eastern Europe Czechs Russians Greeks
Hungarians
Poles

4. New Immigrants
Also
Arabs
Armenians
Chinese
Japanese
French Canadians

5. Why did they Come ? To escaper persecution Poverty
Racial intolerance (Jews in Russia)
To work for the railroad
To work for steamship companies

6. The Voyage Voyage across the Atlantic was difficult
Most traveled below deck/ steerage
No privacy, poor ventilation,
Noise
Cramped quarters disease

7. Ellis Island New York harbor Screened for physical and mental health
Mental disorders, serious health defects or contagious diseases were turned back
and deported
Background check
Job skill
Relatives in america

8. Reality in America Lived in cities
Forced to settle for unskilled low paying employment
Substandard housing
Deteriorating neighborhoods
Tenements/slums
Better than where they came from

9. Northeast and Midwest Patchwork quilt Ethnic neighborhoods
Spoke same languages
Followed same customs from the old country
Religious institutions
Community centers
Benevolent : to assist immigrants in cases of unemployment – religious and non-religious

10. Employment for the Immigrant
Bottom of the labor ladder
Nations”dirty work
Mines, sweatshop, construction
Exhausting and hard
Poor wages
Long house
Unsafe conditions

11. Anti-immigrant feelings
Nativists: argued that the newcomers would never fit into American society
Blamed them for crime, poverty and violence
Took jobs away from native born American
Led to rise of union