1. Chapter 3-1Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Chapter 3 Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

2. Chapter 3-2Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Novastock/PhotoEdit Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table → Music consists of a series of tones that build octave after octave. Similarly, elements have properties that recur period after period.

3. Chapter 3-3Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech The protons and neutrons of an atom are found in the central nuclear region, or nucleus, and the electrons are found in an electron cloud outside the nucleus. Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d

4. Chapter 3-4Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d

5. Chapter 3-5Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d

6. Chapter 3-6Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d → Mendeleev constructed a periodic table as part of his effort to systemize chemistry. Edgar Fahs Smith Collection, University of Pennsylvania Library

7. Chapter 3-7Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d The periodic table of the elements is a graphical way to show relationships among the elements.

8. Chapter 3-8Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d In this periodic table, elements 58 through 71 and 90 through 103 are shown in their proper positions.

9. Chapter 3-9Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d (a) Some familiar metals are aluminum, lead, tin, and zinc. (b) Some familiar nonmetals are sulfur, phosphorus, and bromine.

10. Chapter 3-10Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d

11. Chapter 3-11Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d This portion of the periodic table shows the dividing line between metals and nonmetals.

12. Chapter 3-12Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech → The number of subshells within a shell is equal to the shell number. Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d

13. Chapter 3-13Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d An s orbital has spherical shape; a p orbital has two lobes; a d orbital has four lobes; and an f orbital has eight lobes.

14. Chapter 3-14Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d Orbitals within a subshell differ mainly in orientation.

15. Chapter 3-15Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d

16. Chapter 3-16Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d The order of filling various electron subshells. Subshells of different shells “overlap.”

17. Chapter 3-17Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d The order of filling various electron subshells with electrons follows the same order given by the arrows in this diagram.

18. Chapter 3-18Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d The different colors of fireworks result when heat excites the electrons of different kinds of metal atoms. William S. Helsel/Getty Images

19. Chapter 3-19Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d Electron configuration and the positions of the elements in the periodic table.

20. Chapter 3-20Chemistry 120 Online LA Tech Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table cont’d A classification scheme for the elements based on their electron configuration s.