1. Social & Cultural Tensions Ch 20,3

2. The Scopes Trial - 1925 Many viewed religion as a bulwark (barrier) against communism Many viewed religion as a bulwark (barrier) against communism 1925 – Tennessee outlawed the teaching of evolution 1925 – Tennessee outlawed the teaching of evolution John Scoped charged with breaking the law John Scoped charged with breaking the law Trial nicknamed the “monkey trial” Trial nicknamed the “monkey trial” Charles Darrow – famous defense trial Charles Darrow – famous defense trial William Jennings Bryan – worked for defense William Jennings Bryan – worked for defense Scopes fined $100, but the case had been about the principal – still controversial today Scopes fined $100, but the case had been about the principal – still controversial today

3. The New KKK Rise of the Klan (again) Rise of the Klan (again) 1915 – Stone Mountain, Georgia – aimed at minorities in general 1915 – Stone Mountain, Georgia – aimed at minorities in general “Invisible Empire” – 4-5 million members, no longer just in the south “Invisible Empire” – 4-5 million members, no longer just in the south Opposition to the Klan Opposition to the Klan NAACP, Jewish Anti Defamation League NAACP, Jewish Anti Defamation League Many felt immigration is intrinsically American Many felt immigration is intrinsically American Tremendous corruption within the Klan led to its withering in the 1920’s Tremendous corruption within the Klan led to its withering in the 1920’s

4. An Age of Heroes WWI had ruined “political heroes” WWI had ruined “political heroes” Babe Ruth Babe Ruth Sport casters were equally important, helped create heroes in addition to being heroes as well Sport casters were equally important, helped create heroes in addition to being heroes as well Lindbergh- Spirit of St. Louis – Flew solo Paris to NY, non stop Lindbergh- Spirit of St. Louis – Flew solo Paris to NY, non stop

5. New Roles for Women Flappers Flappers More the exception than the rule More the exception than the rule Seem as a revolt against the Victorian Age Seem as a revolt against the Victorian Age Clear split between urban and rural women Clear split between urban and rural women

6. The Fine Arts Mood of uncertainty – arts more pessimistic and skeptical Mood of uncertainty – arts more pessimistic and skeptical Literature – “The Lost Generation” Literature – “The Lost Generation” Hemingway, Gertrude Stein, F. Scott Fitzgerald (The Great Gatsby) Hemingway, Gertrude Stein, F. Scott Fitzgerald (The Great Gatsby)