2. African American History B - Hour (Gober, Crockett) Renaissance High School

3. Early African Empires Ghana Mali Songhay

4. Ghana First West African State Capitol: Kumbi Saleh Location: 500 Miles NW of its modern namesake. Dates: 7th - 11th Centuries Religion: Muslim influence enters around 10th Century. Daily Life: Farming and Trading

5. Tenkamenin Most famous leader who became leader in 1062. Characteristics of him: Strict tax collector, believed and taught animism until Arabs invaded around 1076 Decline of Empire: Droughts, Invasions KEY WORDS: Silent Trade, Jihad

6. Mali Also called Melle Capitol: Timbuktu Location: Surrounded southern edges of Ghana Dates: 1235 - 15th Centuries Religion: Islam Occupations: Mined Gold in Bure, Agriculture and Crafts.

7. Mansa Musa In 1240, he took over and spread the influence of Mali all over the area. Characteristics of him: Took a pilgrimage to Mecca where all could see the wealth of “the Afrikans.” He built schools in the capitol and had international connections. Decline of Empire: The Songhay and Mossi invade. KEY WORDS: Griot Mansa, Hajj

8. Songhay The greatest of empires. Capitol: Timbuktu and Jenne? Location: Eclipsed Mali and spread further North and Northeast. Dates: 1355 - 1594 Religion: Islam Occupations: Same as Mali, very good at trade!

9. Sunni Ali Built a river navy to control the Niger region. He opposed the religion of Islam. Died in 1492. His general took over.

10. Askia Mohammed Was an orthodox Muslim and strengthened the empire greatly by learning from other nations. He improved the administration of the gov’t, codified the laws and raised the intellectual level of the country. Decline of Empire: Askia was dethroned by his eldest son. The Spanish and Moroccans overthrew Songhay. KEY WORD: Harquebus

11. HOMEWORK Finish Maps and define key words!