1. Resources and Energy Chp. 11

2. Mineral Resources

3. 11.2 Fossil Fuels Organic hydrocarbons

4. Coal Formation types

7. Petroleum and Natural Gas Formation Deposits

8. Uses of fossil fuels Energy for transportation, farming, and industry Crude oil – unrefined petroleum Petrochemical – petroleum products such as plastics, fabrics, medicienes, tar, wax, ruber, insecticides, fertilizers, detergents, shampoo

9. Fossil fuel supplies Nonrenewable Coal is most abundant US, Russia, China have 2/3 of reserves 200 years of reserves 75% of petroleum has been discovered Rest probably under ocean 90% in ground A lot of natural gas still not discovered Down very deep, miles Oil shale contains petroleum - $$ to extract

10. Fossil fuels and the environment Strip mining damage Topsoil displaced Erosion issues Gives off acids Air pollution when burned Acid rain Spills of oil wells, tankers, and pipelines harm wildlife and oceans

15. 11.3 Nuclear Energy

16. Nuclear Fission Splitting of nucleus in 2 or more atoms Large amount of heat energy released U235 Fuel rods Chain reaction as bombardment of neutrons Water absorbs heat, turns turbines Nuclear reactor controls speed of bombardment

18. Fuel rod

19. Issues Radiation – cancer, DNA mutation Waste left Ocean Space – toward sun Desert Continental crust - magma Nevada Yucca Mountain

22. Yucci Mountain

23. Nuclear Fusion Combining atoms H>He Star reactions