1. Early Medieval Art Book of Kells St. Gall Godescalc Evangelistary Utrecht Psalter Magdeburg Ivories

2. Chi Rho Iota page Book of Matthew, chapter one, verse eighteen from The Book of Kells late 8 th or early 9 th century oxgall inks and pigments on vellum

3. Illuminated tugra of Sultan Suleyman, from Istanbul, Turkey c. 1555-1560 ink, paint, and gold on paper

4. Who are the four evangelists? Matthew – symbol: winged man or angel Mark – symbol: winged lion Luke – symbol: winged ox or bull John – symbol: eagle According to tradition these four men wrote the four Gospel accounts in the New Testament. However, Elaine Pagels (a professor at Princeton University) makes a case for other Gnostic Gospels by Thomas and Judas as well as others; these gospels were not included in the orthodox text of the new testament. Elaine Pagels : The Gnostic Gospels Reading Judas: The Gospel of Judas and the Shaping of Christianity Beyond Belief: The Secret Gospel of St. Thomas

5. Page with Mark the Evangelist Book of Mark, Godescalc Evangelistary 781-783 ink, gold, colors on vellum

6. Page with Christ in Majesty Book of Mark, Godescalc Evangelistary 781-783 ink, gold, colors on vellum

7. Hitda Codex The Annunciation c. 1020 Illumination Hessische Landesbibliothek, Darmstadt What is the annunciation? When the Archangel Gabriel announces to Mary that she will conceive God’s child; according to apocrypha, at the very moment the archangel Gabriel makes this pronouncement, Mary becomes pregnant. Christ appears in her womb!

8. York Psalter Expulsion from Paradise c. 1170 Illumination on parchment, 290 x 185 mm University Library, Glasgow Gen 3:19Gen 3:19 In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken: for dust thou [art], and unto dust shalt thou return. Gen 3:24Gen 3:24 So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden Cherubims, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life.

9. Utrecht Psalter ca. 850

10. detail from Utrecht Psalter ca. 850

11. Christ Washing the Feet of His Disciples Aachen Gospels of Otto III c. 1000

12. The Garden of Gethsemane The Kiss of Judas Aachen Gospels of Otto III c. 1000

13. Fécamp Psalter c. 1180 Illumination on parchment, 170 x 110 mm Royal Library, The Hague

14. Feeding the Pigs with Acorns c. 1180 Illumination on parchment Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag

15. Falconry c. 1180 Illumination on parchment Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag

16. The Martyrdom of St Lawrence 1190s Illumination on parchment Koninklijke Bibliotheek, Den Haag St. Lawrence was martyred during Emperor Valerian’s persecutions of Christians in A.D. 258. He refused to turn over the church’s treasure to the prefect and instead gave it to the poor; he was arrested and tortured on a burning gridiron.