1. Constitutional Convention 1787

2. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia.

3. Articles of Confederation -Weaknesses Created a weak central government. Congress with limited power. Independent states held most of the power.

4. Restructure Government - Constitution 1 Economic Depression 2 High unemployment, money lost value, and debt 3 Shay’s Rebellion

5. Issue: Representation LARGER STATESSMALLER STATES

6. Issue: Representation Larger States supported: Virginia Plan Proposed by James Madison and Edmund Randolph.

7. Virginia Plan Proposed the creation of three branches of government: –Legislative –Executive –Judicial

8. Virginia Plan The number of representatives would be determined by the population of each state. Larger states would have more votes = more power.

10. New Jersey Plan Smaller states supported: New Jersey Plan Proposed by William Paterson

11. New Jersey Plan Proposed the creation of one branch: Congress would have more power. Each state would receive one vote.

12. Connecticut Compromise “The Great Compromise” Proposed by Roger Sherman from Connecticut. Two House Legislature: - The House of Representatives -Representatives determined by population. - The Senate -Each state would receive equal votes - Two votes per state.

13. Issue: Slavery Northern StatesSouthern States

14. Southern States wanted slaves to count in terms of representation. Southern states did not want slaves to count for taxes.

15. Northern States Northern states wanted slaves to count for taxation. Northern states did not want slaves to count for representation.

16. 3/5 Compromise

17. Slaves were considered property. 3 out of every 5 slaves would count for taxation and representation.

18. What is missing from the Constitution? The Constitution is missing the _________ ____ __________.

19. The Anti-Federalist George Mason, Patrick Henry, and Samuel Adams refused to ratify the Constitution. They refused to pass a Constitution without a Bill of Rights. They feared the government would become too powerful.

20. The Anti-Federalists The Antifederalists wrote a series of essays known as the Anti-Federalists Papers. The essays supported the idea that a strong central government could become tyrannical.

21. The Federalist James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton supported a Constitution without a Bill of Rights. They felt it was more important to have a strong central government. They believed in dividing the powers between the branches and the states.

22. The Federalist Papers The Federalists also wrote a series of essays known as the “Federalists Papers.” The essays supported the idea of a strong central government.

23. Compromise A compromise was reached between Federalists and Anti-federalists. The Constitution was ratified on Sept. 17, 1787. The Bill of Rights was added in 1791.