2. Complete the following analogy
Complete the following analogy. Subsistence agriculture is to shifting cultivation as commercial agriculture is to:
dairy farming.
pastoral nomadism.
plantation farming.
swidden cultivation.
wet-rice farming.

3. Complete the following analogy
Complete the following analogy. Subsistence agriculture is to shifting cultivation as commercial agriculture is to:
dairy farming.
pastoral nomadism.
plantation farming.
swidden cultivation.
wet-rice farming.
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 4
Text Reference: 10.3
U.S. Geography Standard: 14, 15, & 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 10.3: Describe the major differences between subsidence and commercial agriculture.
Explanation:
Dairy farming is one of six types of commercial agriculture found in MDCs.

4. Complete the following analogy
Complete the following analogy. Subsistence agriculture is to labor intensive as commercial agriculture is to:
capital intensive.
driving intensive.
mentally intensive.
nature intensive.
worker intensive.

5. Complete the following analogy
Complete the following analogy. Subsistence agriculture is to labor intensive as commercial agriculture is to:
capital intensive.
driving intensive.
mentally intensive.
nature intensive.
worker intensive.
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 4
Text Reference: 10.3
U.S. Geography Standard: 11, 14, & 15,
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 10.3: Describe the major differences between subsistence and commercial agriculture.
Explanation:
Commercial agriculture relies on fewer workers and more machinery to produce food for market.

6. FIGURE 10-6 AGRICULTURAL WORKERS The percentage of the workforce engaged in agriculture is higher in developing countries than in developed countries.

7. Shifting cultivation is most common:
in the interior region of Australia.
in more developed countries.
in humid continental climates.
in close proximity to large cities.
within 20 degrees latitude of the equator.

8. Shifting cultivation is most common:
in the interior region of Australia.
in more developed countries.
in humid continental climates.
in close proximity to large cities.
within 20 degrees latitude of the equator.
Answer: E
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 10.3
U.S. Geography Standard: 4, 11, 14, & 15
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 10.6: Indentify the 11 major agricultural regions.
Explanation:
Proponents of shifting cultivation argue that it is the better-suited to the tropics than other forms of agriculture.

9. FIGURE AGRICULTURE AND CLIMATE REGIONS (right) The major agricultural practices of the world can be divided into those that are prevalent in developing countries and those that are prevalent in developed countries (upper right). Climate plays a large role in the practice of agriculture. Figure 1-40 is a more detailed version of the climate map shown here.

10. According to von Thünen, which of the following crops will be grown closest to a city?
butter
cheese
meat
milk
lumber

11. According to von Thünen, which of the following crops will be grown closest to a city?
butter
cheese
meat
milk
lumber
Answer: D
Difficulty Level: 4
Text Reference: 10.4
U.S. Geography Standard: 3, 4, 11, 14, 15, & 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 10.17: Explain the impact of overproduction and market access on farming in developed countries.
Explanation:
Because it spoils quickly, milk is more expensive to transport to market than the other crops in this list.

12. FIGURE VON THÜNEN MODEL (left) According to the von Thünen model, in the absence of topographic factors, different types of farming are conducted at different distances from a city, depending on the cost of transportation and the value of the product. (right) von Thünen recognized that his model would be modified by site factors, such as a river in this sketch, which changes the accessibility of different land parcels to the market center. Agricultural uses that seek highly accessible locations need to locate nearer the river.

13. Which of the following is the longest fallow period?
Forest fallow
Bush fallow
Short fallow
Annual cropping
Multicropping

14. Which of the following is the longest fallow period?
Forest fallow
Bush fallow
Short fallow
Annual cropping
Multicropping
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 10.4
U.S. Geography Standard: 11, 14, & 15
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 10.21: Describe the role of sustainable agriculture in world food supply.
Explanation:
Boserup identified five stages in the intensification of farmland, each with a shorter fallow period.

15. Compared to other grains, wheat:
is of less economic importance.
cannot be stored as long.
grows less well in humid continental climates.
is grown almost exclusively in LDCs.
is the world’s leading export crop.

16. Compared to other grains, wheat:
is of less economic importance.
cannot be stored as long.
grows less well in humid continental climates.
is grown almost exclusively in LDCs.
is the world’s leading export crop.
Answer: E
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 10.3
U.S. Geography Standard: 11, 14, & 15
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 10.13: Describe how grain and Mediterranean farming work.
Explanation:
The U.S. and Canada account for half of the world’s wheat exports.

17. FIGURE WHEAT PRODUCTION China and India are the leading wheat producers, followed by the United States.

18. Ranching has declined in the western United States primarily because
growing crops is a more profitable use of land.
infectious diseases have killed herds.
the federal government prohibits cattle on public land.
dietary and ethical concerns have lessened the appeal of meat.
widespread water shortages limit the number of animals per acre.

19. Ranching has declined in the western United States primarily because
growing crops is a more profitable use of land.
infectious diseases have killed herds.
the federal government prohibits cattle on public land.
dietary and ethical concerns have lessened the appeal of meat.
widespread water shortages limit the number of animals per acre.
Answer: A
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 10.3
U.S. Geography Standard: 4, 11, 14, & 15
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 10.14: Describe how livestock ranching works.
Explanation:
Widespread irrigation and hardier varieties of crops have replaced cattle.

20. The most fundamental shared aspect of regions that practice Mediterranean agriculture is:
a longstanding tradition of wine production.
a willingness to experiment with new crops.
similar climate conditions.
close proximity to the Mediterranean Sea.
shared use of Romance languages.

21. The most fundamental shared aspect of regions that practice Mediterranean agriculture is:
a longstanding tradition of wine production.
a willingness to experiment with new crops.
similar climate conditions.
close proximity to the Mediterranean Sea.
shared use of Romance languages.
Answer: C
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 10.3
U.S. Geography Standard: 4, 11, 14, & 15
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 10.13: Describe how grain and Mediterranean farming works.
Explanation:
Generally located on the western shores of landmasses, prevailing winds and ocean currents provide moisture and moderate winters.

22. FIGURE AGRICULTURE AND CLIMATE REGIONS (right) The major agricultural practices of the world can be divided into those that are prevalent in developing countries and those that are prevalent in developed countries (upper right). Climate plays a large role in the practice of agriculture. Figure 1-40 is a more detailed version of the climate map shown here.

23. According to the von Thünen model, which of the following factors is least important to a farmer when deciding which crops to grow?
Distance to market
Transportation cost per kilometer
Yield per acre
Price per bushel
Nutritional value of the crop

24. According to the von Thünen model, which of the following factors is least important to a farmer when deciding which crops to grow?
Distance to market
Transportation cost per kilometer
Yield per acre
Price per bushel
Nutritional value of the crop
Answer: E
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 10.4
U.S. Geography Standard: 3, 4, 11, 14, 15, & 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 10.17: Explain the impact of overproduction and market access on farming in developed countries.
Explanation:
In choosing a crop, commercial farms consider both the value of a commodity and the cost of transporting it to market.

25. FIGURE VON THÜNEN MODEL (left) According to the von Thünen model, in the absence of topographic factors, different types of farming are conducted at different distances from a city, depending on the cost of transportation and the value of the product. (right) von Thünen recognized that his model would be modified by site factors, such as a river in this sketch, which changes the accessibility of different land parcels to the market center. Agricultural uses that seek highly accessible locations need to locate nearer the river.

26. Which of the following areas is least affected by desertification?
North Africa
American Southwest
Central Australia
Central Europe
Southwestern Asia

27. Which of the following areas is least affected by desertification?
North Africa
American Southwest
Central Australia
Central Europe
Southwestern Asia
Answer: D
Difficulty Level: 2
Text Reference: 10.4
U.S. Geography Standard: 4, 14, 15, & 18
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 10.15: Describe the impact of population growth on farming in developing countries.
Explanation:
Semiarid land degradation is one of the factors that limits the amount of land available for agricultural expansion.

28. Figure DESERTIFICATION (SEMIARID LAND DEGRADATION) The most severe problems are in northern Africa, central Australia, and the southwestern parts of Africa, Asia, North America, and South America.

29. Which one of these crops was originally
domesticated in the Western Hemisphere?
Coffee
Oats
Potatoes
Soybeans
Mangos

30. Which one of these crops was originally
domesticated in the Western Hemisphere?
Coffee
Oats
Potatoes
Soybeans
Mangos
Answer: C
Difficulty Level: 3
Text Reference: 10.1
U.S. Geography Standard: 17
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
Learning Outcome 10.1: Identify the major crop hearths.
Explanation:
The other crops were brought to the Western Hemisphere from the Eastern Hemisphere.

31. FIGURE 10-3 CROP HEARTHS Agriculture originated in multiple hearths
FIGURE 10-3 CROP HEARTHS Agriculture originated in multiple hearths. Domestication of some crops can be dated back more than 10,000 years.

32. Which of the following regions has the most undernourished people?
Sub-Saharan Africa
East Asia
South Asia
Southeast Asia
Latin America

33. Which of the following regions has the most undernourished people?
Sub-Saharan Africa
East Asia
South Asia
Southeast Asia
Latin America
Answer: C
Difficulty Level: 4
Text Reference: 10.2
U.S. Geography Standard: 11
Bloom's Taxonomy: Analysis
Learning Outcome 10.5: Explain the global distribution of undernourishment.
Explanation:
India has a 1.2 billion people and not enough food to feed them all adequately.

34. Figure CHANGE IN UNDERNOURISHMENT South Asia has seen the largest increase in number of under-nourished people.