1. “Learning to Lead our Lives” WJEC Module 3: 20 th Century America and the Wider World: In or Out ? Skill: Knowledge and Understanding/ Communication NGfL: USA 1929 - 1990 A ll images/ cartoons are believed to be in the public domain. Many of the images were sourced from the internet encyclopaedia wikipedia at http://en.wikipedia.orghttp://en.wikipedia.org

2. You are an adviser to the president of the United States of America. You must choose one of two foreign policies. Either, to be fully involved in World Affairs, or, have absolutely nothing to do with the rest of the World at all. What reasons might America have for wanting to be involved in World Affairs? How might you argue that America is better off staying out of World Affairs?

3. What impact do you think the following have on America’s decision on whether or not to be involved in the wider world?:- Your understanding of American Politics Your understanding of American Culture Your understanding of American Economics Your understanding of American Society Your understanding of American Religion Your understanding of American Nationalism Your understanding of the way America views the outside world What impact do you think the following have on America’s decision on whether or not to be involved in the wider world?:- Your understanding of American Politics Your understanding of American Culture Your understanding of American Economics Your understanding of American Society Your understanding of American Religion Your understanding of American Nationalism Your understanding of the way America views the outside world

4. Consider with your partner the benefits of each policy and record your ideas in a table like the one below. Benefits of staying out of World Affairs Drawbacks of staying out of World Affairs Benefits of being involved in world affairs Drawbacks of being involved in world affairs

5. What decision has your pair come to ? Now write a brief speech outlining your policy decision to the rest of the class. Can you convince people to vote your way? What decision has your pair come to ? Now write a brief speech outlining your policy decision to the rest of the class. Can you convince people to vote your way? Those in Favour of U.S. involvement Those Against U.S. involvement What does the whole class think?

6. Now consider the position of America after World War 1. How might these experiences have influenced your decision? Let us see if you are right!

7. + ism

8. Political and Economic Isolation Can you define the term: “Political and Economic Isolationism”? Can you define the term: “Political and Economic Isolationism”?

9. The Economic Isolation All foreign (Non-American) goods had to pay a huge import or export? tariff to allow their goods into America. This meant that the American government generated much more income than they spent This made foreign goods extremely expensive. Most Americans could only therefore buy American goods All foreign (Non-American) goods had to pay a huge import or export? tariff to allow their goods into America. This meant that the American government generated much more income than they spent This made foreign goods extremely expensive. Most Americans could only therefore buy American goods 1922 Fordney McCumber Tariff Act

10. How would Economic Isolation help make America rich? How can stopping foreign imports help America? Ford Production line in 1913. This image is in the public domain because its copyright has expired in the United States and those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years or lesspublic domain How would this help a company like Ford?

11. Political Isolation after WW1 Why did America want to stay out of European politics? What did Woodrow Wilson propose to ensure lasting peace and stability that the US people rejected? This file has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. This applies worldwide.public domain copyright

12. The League of Nations This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. This applies worldwide.public domaincopyright The first meeting of the League Nations in 1920

13. What would the League of Nations need to be effective? Prevent Wars and use sanctions effectively Prevent Wars and use sanctions effectively Resolve disputes peacefully Police the World freeing slaves and stopping drug trafficking Police the World freeing slaves and stopping drug trafficking Improve working and living conditions for everyone Improve working and living conditions for everyone Have the respect of and authority over all nations Have the respect of and authority over all nations BUT... 1.Fewer than half of the World’s nations joined... Including America. 2.It had no army and therefore no way of backing up any sanctions it made. It therefore failed to deliver the International stability and security that were its primary objectives. BUT... 1.Fewer than half of the World’s nations joined... Including America. 2.It had no army and therefore no way of backing up any sanctions it made. It therefore failed to deliver the International stability and security that were its primary objectives.

14. Isolationism This was called the Neutrality Act and kept the USA out of WW2 until December 7 1941. What event took place on that date to irrevocably change the foundation of American foreign policy of the last 20 years? 1. The United States would avoid, at all costs, involvement in European wars. 2. No President would be allowed to take the American people into any conflict 1. The United States would avoid, at all costs, involvement in European wars. 2. No President would be allowed to take the American people into any conflict Definition

15. photo# k-13513 USS Arizona's forward Magazines explode December 7, 1941 http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/events/wwii-pac/pearlhbr/pearlhbr.htm License: All information on this site is in the public domain and may be distributed or copied unless otherwise specified. Use of appropriate byline/photo/image credits is requested - http://www.history.navy.mil/warning.htm http://www.history.navy.mil/warning.htm The End of Isolationism?

16. The Attack on Pearl Harbour America was left no option but to become involved in World Affairs after Japan declared war on America through a surprise attack on the Naval Base. Germany, at this time allied to Japan, also declared war on America. This forced America into a war not only against the Japanese in the Pacific but also against the Germans in Europe and perhaps changed the course of the Second World War. America was left no option but to become involved in World Affairs after Japan declared war on America through a surprise attack on the Naval Base. Germany, at this time allied to Japan, also declared war on America. This forced America into a war not only against the Japanese in the Pacific but also against the Germans in Europe and perhaps changed the course of the Second World War. This image is in the public domain because it comprises materials that originally came from the United States Government.public domainUnited States Government Credit: Office of War Information. "President Roosevelt Signing the Declaration of War Against Japan." December 1941. Credit: Office of War Information. "President Roosevelt Signing the Declaration of War Against Japan." December 1941.

17. After Pearl Harbour American attitudes changed. Why might this be? As we look at different aspects of American foreign policy after World War 2 you will create a summary of each episode in an Iluminatus page and link it to the correct area of the World Map.

18. Can you work out some of the names of the countries that the USA was involved with after 1945? Vietname m n v t a ir l n b i eBerlinb c a uCubar k a e oKorea