1. Digestive system

2. End Products of Digestion
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Lipids

3. End Products of Digestion
Proteins Amino acids(used to make your own proteins)
Carbohydrates Simple sugars (used by the mitochondria for energy) 1gram= 4Calories
Lipids Fatty acids & glycerol (used for cell membranes, energy protection) 1gram= 9Calories

6. Trail Mix

7. DIGESTION The Acts of digestion requires:
mechanical means that increase the surface area &
Chemicals such as ENZYMES, HCL, sodium bicarbonate and water.

8. Digestion begin in the mouth
Teeth –Mechanical digestion increase the surface area for enzymes to work upon.
Chemical digestion- Saliva contains a salivary amylase which breaks down starch to maltose (disaccharide )

9. Mouth Ulcer

10. Epiglottis

11. Name the organs 1 3 4 2 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12. Welcome to the esophagus
Bolus-ball of food
Peristalsis- waved-like contractions of smooth muscle: forces food along the digestive tract
Esophagus= 25cm

13. Stomach Food holder Secretions result from:
Nerve action (brain)
Food contact w/ stomach
Hormone-gastrin
Pepsin & HCL-break proteins into polypeptides chains
HCl kills bacteria
PH (acid) activates pepsin PH1-3
HCl dissolves minerals
CHYME-

14. Heartburn

15. Gastric Ulcer

16. Bleeding Ulcer

17. Toothbrush in stomach after 2 years : 30 year old female

18. Liver / Gall bladder 4 lbs
Produces Bile-emulsification of fats (Physical)
Contains no digestive enzymes!!!
Large globs to small globs to increase the surface area
Gall Bladder stores some bile.

19. Laparoscopic Gall Bladder removal

20. Pancreas Secretes 1st set of digestive enzymes
Proteases, amylases and lipases
Produces sodium bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid –PH -6—

21. Duodenum

22. Villi and glandular tissue of the duodenum

23. Intestinal glands
Wall of the intestine secrete 2nd set of digestive enzymes (Proteases, amylases and lipases) completes digestion
Amylases-maltase, surcease, .
Secretion-hormone stimulates glands to secrete

24. Small Intestine Diffusion -22 ft long Increase folds
Villi / microvilli
Thin membranes
Muscular contractions

25. Large Intestine No digestion of food 1-Absorption of water
2-Bacterial action –production of vitamin K for proper blood clotting
Rate of waste flow
Fast—Diarrhea
Slow– Constipation
Need fiber (cellulose) to clean the colon and possibly prevent polyps
Lap colon
Fecal transplantation

26. Mass of Precipitate (mg)
Application Trypsin -Protease
Tube pH
Mass of Precipitate (mg) 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14
2.8
2.5
2.0
2.3
2.6
2.9

27. Application questions
Medication for five days 7 6 5 4 3
PH of the stomach
Day Day Day Day Day 5

28. Polyp on intestine wall

29. Large Intestine & contraction