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PP 979-991.  Breakdown of food into simpler molecules that can be absorbed by the body in one long tube from mouth to anus.

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Presentation on theme: "PP 979-991.  Breakdown of food into simpler molecules that can be absorbed by the body in one long tube from mouth to anus."— Presentation transcript:

1 PP 979-991

2  Breakdown of food into simpler molecules that can be absorbed by the body in one long tube from mouth to anus

3  6 classes of nutrients: 1.carbohydrates 2. fats 3. proteins

4  6 classes of nutrients: 1.carbohydrates 2. fats 3. proteins 4. minerals: help balance osmosis and the function of certain cells (i.e muscle and nerve cell)

5  6 classes of nutrients: 1.carbohydrates 2. fats 3. proteins 4. minerals: help balance osmosis and the function of certain cells (i.e muscle and nerve cell) 5.vitamins: aid enzyme activity 6.water: most chemical reactions can only occur in water ( accounts for half of your body weight)

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10  Mechanical: physical breakdown of food  Chewing, peristalsis (moving bolus down the esophagus), and stomach churning

11  Chemical Digestion: Enzymes breaking down food into simpler forms (monomers)

12  Amylase (enzyme) is released from glands into saliva  Breaks down carbs to monosaccharides

13  Amylase (enzyme) is released from glands into saliva  Breaks down carbs to monosaccharides  Bolus (food ball) travels down esophagus to stomach

14  Muscle contractions break bolus apart (mechanical digestion)

15  Pepsin (enzyme) breaks down proteins into amino acids  Released by gastric glands

16  Muscle contractions break bolus apart (mechanical digestion)  Pepsin (enzyme) breaks down proteins into amino acids  Released by gastric glands  HCl keeps stomach acidic so the pepsin can work

17  Secretes sodium bicarbonate (base) into small intestine to neutralize acid.

18  Produces bile and stores it in the gall bladder

19  Stores bile and secretes it into the small intestine  Breaks down fats into fatty acids

20  Chemical digestion and nutrient absorption

21  Villi: Folds in lining of small intestines  Increases surface area for maximum absorption.

22  Absorption of water, minerals, and vitamins

23 Salivary glands StomachLiver Pancreas Gall bladder Small intestine Large intestine/colon Esophagus


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