1. Chapter 6 Historical Development of American Education Viewing recommendations for Windows: Use the Arial TrueType font and set your screen area to at least 800 by 600 pixels with Colors set to Hi Color (16 bit). Viewing recommendations for Macintosh: Use the Arial TrueType font and set your monitor resolution to at least 800 by 600 pixels with Color Depth set to thousands of colors

2. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company6–2 Colonial Education New England: Puritan education, stressing religion to counter child depravity. Early public town schools, followed by private Latin grammar school and university for upper- class boys. Middle Atlantic: Diverse religious schools, for- profit schools emphasizing practical skills. South: Private tutors for children of wealthy, followed by boarding school. Skills training, but no reading instruction, for slave children.

3. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company6–3 The Movement Toward Public Schooling Voluntary alternatives to tax-supported schools: Monitorial and Sunday schools Common Schools: Elementary level, established state by state, included one- room schools on the frontier Public High Schools: Added in 19th century State Colleges and Universities: Added in 19th century

4. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company6–4 History of American High Schools 1600s: Private Latin grammar schools, For-profit skills schools 1700s: Private academies included both practical and scholarly curricula, as well as normal schools for teachers 1800s: Public high schools introduced, grow more popular in second half of century 1900s - 2000s: Growth of large, comprehensive high schools and continuing efforts to determine appropriate curricula

5. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company6–5 Assimilationism Focuses on developing a single American identity Discourages or forbids students’ use of native languages Discourages or forbids cultural customs or learning styles that do not fit American ideal Curriculum emphasizes western European cultural heritage Multiculturalism Encourages diverse cultural identities Bilingual education is often an option Accommodates diverse learning styles and appreciates contributions of diverse cultural customs Curriculum recognizes diverse cultural heritage

6. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company6–6 Recent Historical Trends Emphasis on educational technology Multiculturalism in education Gender equity Protection against violence, bullying and harassment Inclusion for students with disabilities