1. John Romano Zack Daniels Kate Neigish Jackie Labow
Organic Chemistry
John Romano
Zack Daniels
Kate Neigish
Jackie Labow

2. Organic
Organic refers to compounds containing carbon, and often hydrogen, oxygen, and other non-metal elements
Three common characteristics:
Bonds are covalent (non-ionic)
Each carbon forms a total of four bonds
Carbon atoms can be bonded to each other or to other nonmetal atoms (hydrogen, halogens, oxygen, nitrogen, etc)

3. Hydrocarbons
Simplest type of organic compound consisting solely of hydrogen and carbon atoms
# Carbons
Root Name 1
Meth- 2
Eth- 3
Prop- 4
But- 5
Pent- 6
Hex- 7
Hept- 8
Oct-

4. Alkanes Saturated Hydrocarbons: single bonded carbon atom
Have the ending “-ANE”
Ethane

5. Alkenes Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: double bonded carbon atom
Have the ending “-ENE”
Ethene

6. Alkynes Unsaturated Hydrocarbon with a triple bonded carbon atom
Have the ending “-YNE”
Ethyne

7. Alkyl Groups
Chains that are added on to hydrocarbons and affect nomenclature, being preceded by numeric indication of their location 
Methyl: CH3---
Ethyl: CH3---CH2
Propyl: CH3--- CH2--- CH2

8. Branched Chains
When a hydrocarbon is not a straight-chain, the naming is more complex
The suffix indicates parent chain
The prefix indicates branching group the number indicates its location

9. Geometric Isomers Same formula but different orientation
Cis  same side of carbons
Trans  different side of carbons
Cis-2-Butene Trans-2-Butene

10. Joke Time….
Name this compound:

11. Answer….
¡¡¡TRANSPARENT!!! 

12. Aromatics
Derived from the single compound of Benzene, C6H6, which is in a hexagonal shape (three single / three double bonds).
Functional groups bonded to compound are named as a prefix to “-benzene”
Chlorobenzene

13. Functional Group Orientation
Isomers of benzene have three prefixes for orientation of dual functional groups
Para Meta Ortho-
1,4-dichlorobenzene ,3-dichlorobenzene ,2-dichlorobenzene