1. Cultural Wealth Theory Applications to People of the Pacific (Ramirez adaption of Yosso 2005, 2006)

2. Latinas/os Native Americans African Americans Whites Asian Americans 100 Elementary School Students 10 Graduate From College 52 Graduate From High School 4 Graduate From Graduate School 0.4 Graduate With Doctorate 100 Elementary School Students 71 Graduate From High School 12 Graduate From College 4 Graduate From Graduate School 0.5 Graduate With Doctorate 100 Elementary School Students 72 Graduate From High School 14 Graduate From College 5 Graduate From Graduate School 0.4 Graduate With Doctorate 100 Elementary School Students 100 Elementary School Students 84 Graduate From High School 80 Graduate From High School 26 Graduate From College 44 Graduate From College 10 Graduate From Graduate School 17 Graduate From Graduate School 1.0 Graduate With Doctorate 3.0 Graduate With Doctorate The U.S. Educational Pipeline- Solorzano, Villalpando, Seguera, 2005

3. Linguistic Capital The intellectual and social skills attained through communication experiences in more than one language and/or style (Yosso, 2005).

4. The ability to maintain hopes and dreams for the future, even in the face of real and perceived barriers (Yosso, 2005). Aspirational Capital

5. Our extended family, which may include immediate family…as well as aunts, uncles, grandparents and friends who we might consider part of our family (Yosso, 2005). Familial Capital

6. Social Capital Networks of people and community resources (i.e. church groups, sports clubs, neighborhoods) (Yosso, 2005).

7. Navigational Capital The skills of maneuvering through social institutions (Yosso, 2005).

8. Resistant Capital  Parents of color are consciously instructing their children to engage in behaviors and maintain attitudes that challenge the status quo (Yosso, 2005, p. 81).