1. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 1 Chapter 2 Constitutional Rights Chapter 2 Constitutional Rights 2-1 2-1Foundations of the U.S. Constitution 2-2 2-2Division and Balance of Governmental Powers 2-3 2-3The Internet and Constitutional Rights

2. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 2 Chapter 2 2-1 2-1Foundations of the U.S. Constitution GOALS Identify the documents written in the course of the nation’s founding Explain how the U.S. Constitution addresses and protects citizens’ civil rights.

3. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 3 Chapter 2 THE DOCUMENTS THAT FORMED A NATION Declaration of Independence Articles of Confederation U.S. Constitution The Bill of Rights

4. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 4 Chapter 2 THE BILL OF RIGHTS Amendment I Amendment II Amendment III Amendment IV Amendment V Amendment VI Amendment VII Amendment VIII Amendment IX Amendment X

5. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 5 Chapter 2 U.S. BILL OF RIGHTS: AMENDMENT I Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.

6. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 6 Chapter 2 U.S. BILL OF RIGHTS: AMENDMENT II A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.

7. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 7 Chapter 2 U.S. BILL OF RIGHTS: AMENDMENT III No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.

8. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 8 Chapter 2 U.S. BILL OF RIGHTS: AMENDMENT IV The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.

9. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 9 Chapter 2 U.S. BILL OF RIGHTS: AMENDMENT V No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb, nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use without just compensation. Capital offenses require a Grand Jury No Double Jeopardy No Self- incrimination Due process Eminent Domain

10. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 10 Chapter 2 U.S. BILL OF RIGHTS: AMENDMENT VI In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense. Right to speedy, public trial Be informed of the charges Face the accuser Obtain witnesses and an attorney

11. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 11 Chapter 2 U.S. BILL OF RIGHTS: AMENDMENT VII In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise re- examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law. Right to sue with trial by jury- over $20

12. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 12 Chapter 2 U.S. BILL OF RIGHTS: AMENDMENT VIII Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. Protection against excessive bail, fines, cruel punishment

13. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 13 Chapter 2 U.S. BILL OF RIGHTS: AMENDMENT IX The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.

14. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 14 Chapter 2 U.S. BILL OF RIGHTS: AMENDMENT X The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

15. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 15 Chapter 2 What English document helped form the basis for the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution?

16. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 16 Chapter 2 CIVIL RIGHTS Due process of law The abolition of slavery The right to vote Denial by gender Denial by age Peripheral rights

17. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 17 Chapter 2 How does the Constitution address and protect citizens’ civil rights?

18. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 18 Chapter 2 2-2 2-2Division and Balance of Governmental Powers GOALS Describe the system of checks and balances in the U.S. government Explain how the power to govern is divided between the federal and state governments

19. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 19 Chapter 2 A SYSTEM OF CHECKS AND BALANCES Branches of government Legislative branch Executive branch Judicial branch Changing the Constitution The U.S. form of government

20. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 20 Chapter 2 How did the Constitution create a system of checks and balances?

21. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 21 Chapter 2 THE POWER TO GOVERN Sovereignty of the states Limiting states’ powers Powers of the federal government Supreme political authority

22. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 22 Chapter 2 SELECTED FEDERAL REGULATORY AGENCIES Federal Reserve System’s Board of Governors Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) Continued on the next slide.

23. Law for Business and Personal Use © South-Western, a part of Cengage LearningSlide 23 Chapter 2 SELECTED FEDERAL REGULATORY AGENCIES Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Department of Homeland Security (DHS)