1. Management Reliability Solid Foundation Windows Server Manager PowerShell Virtualization Active Directory Server Core Next Generation Networking High Availability Clustering Most Flexible and Robust Windows Server Operating System to Date

2. Improve Uptime Before, hardware upgrades and maintenance have required a shutdown, resulting in downtime Windows Server 2008 reduces the need for downtime by supporting these hardware configuration changes without a reboot: –Hot add and replacement of processors (Datacenter Edition) –Hot plug PCI Express Some vendor proprietary Windows Server 2003 configurations supported hot plug PCI –Hot add memory (Enterprise and Datacenter Editions)

3. Self-Healing NTFS Before, NTFS corruptions required running Chkdsk, which often could only be done on the next reboot In Windows Server 2008, an NTFS worker thread performs background Chkdsk-type corrections when NTFS detects a corrupt file or directory –Minor disk errors are transparent to the user –No need to reboot to repair corruptions

4. Windows Server 2008 Boot Changes Before, boot mechanism was platform specific (e.g. BIOS, EFI) Windows Server 2008 unifies the boot mechanism to be platform independent NTLDR split into two components: –Boot manager (\Bootmgr) Replaces first half of NTLDR (OS selection & boot options) –OS loader (\Systemroot\System32\Winload.exe) Replaces 2nd half of NTLDR (loading OS, boot drivers, and System registry hive) One per OS installation

5. Boot Configuration Database (BCD) Boot.ini is replaced by the Boot Configuration Database (BCD) –Abstracts firmware –Unified across different OS installations –BCDEdit is the command-line management interface BCD is a new registry hive –Stored in \Boot\BCD –Loads into HKLM\BCD00000000 –Registry key security protects entries

6. Clean Service Shutdown Before, services had no way to extend the time allowed for shutdown –After a fixed timeout (default 20 seconds), SCM was killed and system halted (while services were running) –This was a problem for services that needed to flush data In Windows Server 2008, services can request preshutdown notification and take as long as they want to shut down –If the service stops responding the system gives up on it after 3 minutes

7. Improved Auditing  More Granularity  Support for many auditing subcategories: Logon, logoff, file system access, registry access, use of administrative privilege, Active Directory  Captures the Who, the What, & the When  From and To Values for Objects or Attributes  Logs All – Creates, Modifies, Moves, Deletes  New Logging Infrastructure  Easier to filter out “noise” in logs  Tasks tied to events: When an event occurs tasks such  as sending an Email to an auditor can run automatically  Event forwarding

8. “Restartable” Active Directory Introduction to Restartable Active Directory –Restart Active Directory without rebooting –Can be done through command line and MMC –No effect on non-related services while restarting Active Directory –Several ways to process login under stopped mode Benefits of Restartable Active Directory –Reduces time for offline operations –Improves availability for other services on DC when Active Directory is stopped –Reduces overall DC servicing requirements with Server Core

9. Windows Server 2008 Hardening Windows ® XP SP2/Server 2003 R2 LocalSystem Windows Vista/Server 2008 Network Service Local Service LocalSystem Firewall Restricted LocalSystem Firewall Restricted Network Service Network Restricted Network Service Network Restricted Local Service No Network Access Local Service No Network Access LocalSystem Network Service Fully Restricted Network Service Fully Restricted Local Service Fully Restricted Local Service Fully Restricted

10. Complete Redesign of TCP/IP Dual IPv4 and IPv6 support Improved performance via hardware acceleration Provides the ability to offload network-processing functions from the CPU to the processing circuitry on the network interface card Improved performance via autotuning Testing performed internally at Microsoft showed large file copy times were reduced by almost half for a 1Gbps connection with a 50ms RTT Completely manageable through Group Policy Inspection API WSK WSK Clients TDI Clients NDIS AFD TDX TDI Winsock User Mode Kernel Mode Next Generation TCP/IP Stack (tcpip.sys) IPv4 802.3 WLAN Loop- back IPv4 Tunnel IPv6 Tunnel IPv6 RAW UDP TCP

11. Key New Networking Features Receive Window Autotuning Windows Filtering Platform Receive Side Scaling Policy-based Quality of Service Automatically senses network environment and adjusts key performance settings Allows increase of the size of the TCP/IP send / receive window Provides filtering capability at all layers of the TCP/IP protocol stack Integrates and provides support for next-generation firewall features Previous Windows operating systems limits receive protocol processing to single CPU RSS resolves this issue by allowing network load from a network adapter to be balanced across multiple CPUs Prioritize or manage the sending rate for outgoing network traffic Both DSCP marking and throttling can be used together to manage traffic effectively

12. Windows PowerShell New Command-line shell & Scripting Language Windows 2008 Improves productivity & control Accelerates automation of system admin Easy-to-use Works with existing scripts Will ship in Windows Admin GUIs layered over PowerShell One-to-many remote management using WS-MGMT Partners

13. Windows PowerShell Resources Hundreds of Scripts Books & Training Materials Community Support MS MVPs PowerShell Team Blog Active Newsgroup Channel 9: DFO Show IIS.net Manning Publications O’Reilly Media Sapien Press & others… TechNet ScriptCenter Exchange Server 2007 Terminal Server WMI, Registry, Hardware, etc. Community-Submitted scripts MyITForum.com

14. Server Manager Product Installation Initial Configuration Managing Windows Server 2008

15. Reliability and Performance Monitor Combines functionality of previous stand-alone tools Tracks system changes Provides new functionality

16. Server Manager

17. Windows Server Core Reduced Software Maintenance Limits the server roles used. Installs only a subset of the binaries. Only required features are installed Command line interface, no GUI shell Takes about 1 GB for installation Limits the server roles used. Installs only a subset of the binaries. Only required features are installed Command line interface, no GUI shell Takes about 1 GB for installation Reduced Attack Surface Reduced Management Less Disk Space Required

18. FeaturesFeatures Server Core RolesRoles Hardware Support Components – Disk, Network Adapter, etc. DNS DHCP File Server Active Directory Infrastructure Features Command Shell, Domain Join, Event Log, Perform. Counter Infra., WS-Mgmt, WMI Infra, Licensing Service, WFP, HTTP Support, IPSec Infrastructure Features Command Shell, Domain Join, Event Log, Perform. Counter Infra., WS-Mgmt, WMI Infra, Licensing Service, WFP, HTTP Support, IPSec Resolved Category Dependencies – HAL, Kernel, VGA, Logon, etc. Core Subsystems Security (Logon Scenarios) Networking (TCP/IP), File Systems, RPC, Winlogon, Necessary Dependencies. Core Subsystems Security (Logon Scenarios) Networking (TCP/IP), File Systems, RPC, Winlogon, Necessary Dependencies. Thin Management Tools (Local and Remote) Configure IP Address, Join a Domain, Create Users, etc. Thin Management Tools (Local and Remote) Configure IP Address, Join a Domain, Create Users, etc. AD Lightweight Directory Service Print Server Media Services Windows Virtualization Server WINSWINSSNMPSNMP BitLocker Drive Encryption Telnet Client Failover Clustering Removable Storage Management BackupBackup Windows Server Core Architecture

19. Microsoft Virtualization Solution Server Virtualization Desktop Virtualization Application Virtualization Presentation Virtualization

20. Virtualization Investments ManagementInfrastructureApplicationsInteroperabilityLicensing Create agility Better utilize server resources Partner with AMD and Intel Ease consolidation onto virtual infrastructure Better utilize management resources Support heterogeneity across the datacenter OSP (Open Specification Promise) VHD Accelerate deployment Reduce the cost of supporting applications Deliver cost-effective, flexible and simplified licensing Royalty Free VHD format A Multi-level Approach Terminal Services

21. Monolithic vs. Microkernelized Monolithic hypervisorMonolithic hypervisor –Simpler than a modern kernel, but still complex –Contains its own drivers Microkernelized hypervisorMicrokernelized hypervisor –Simple partitioning functionality –Increase reliability –No third-party code –Drivers run within guests VM 1 (“Service”) VM 3 Hardware Hypervisor VM 2 (“Child”) VM 3 (“Child”) Virt. Stack VM 1 (“Parent”) Drivers Hypervisor VM 2 Hardware Drivers *Microkernelized Hypervisor has an inherently secure architecture with minimal attack surface VMware ESX Windows Server Virtualization Approach (Xen also) Hyper-V is not based on Xen. It was completely written at Microsoft. See: http://blogs.technet.com/windowsserver/archive/2007/12/20/Xen-in-the-Windows-kernal_3F00_-Ha_2D00_ha.aspx http://blogs.technet.com/windowsserver/archive/2007/12/20/Xen-in-the-Windows-kernal_3F00_-Ha_2D00_ha.aspx

22. Requirements & Key Features Requirements –Requires x64 hardware support –Requires AMD-V or Intel VT (IVT) enabled processors Key features –Hardware virtualization –SUSE Linux supports Virtualized hardware not emulation –32-bit and 64-bit guests –Large memory support (up to 64 GB of memory per virtual machine) –Guest multiprocessing (Up to 4 core virtual machines) –WMI management and control API –Save/Restore, Snapshotting –CPU and I/O resource controls –Easy transition of Virtual Server VMs with standard VHD format –Quick Migration out of Box

23. Windows Server Virtualization Quick Migration Available at Windows Server Virtualization RTM For Planned Downtime –Quick Migration means a few seconds of downtime Can be as little as three seconds to move a VM Downtime depends on storage connectivity and VM memory size For Unplanned Downtime –Quick Migration allows a restart of the virtual machine on another physical server

24. Quick Migration Fundamentals Save state –Save entire vm state Move virtual machine –Move storage connectivity from origin to destination host Restore state and Run –Restore vm and run –DoneVHDs Network Connectivity SAN Storage

25. Quick Migration Time to move a virtual machine is dependent on two factors: –The memory allocation of the virtual machine –The speed of connectivity to storage Requires Clustering of Physical host –HA of Guests available with Clustering (VS2005) –Configuration provides HA plus Quick Migration Capability VM Memory1 GbE iSCSI2 Gb FC4 Gb FC 512 MB~8 seconds~ 4 seconds~2 seconds 1 GB~16 seconds~8 second~ 4 seconds 2 GB~32 seconds~16 seconds~8 second 4 GB~64 seconds~32 seconds~16 seconds 8 GB~2 minutes~64 seconds~32 seconds

26. Virtual Server 2005 vs. WSv Virtualization Feature Virtual Server 2005 R2 Windows Server virtualization 32-bit Virtual MachinesYes 64-bit Virtual MachinesNoYes Multi Processor Virtual MachinesNoYes, 4 core VMs Virtual Machine Memory Support3.6GB per VM64GB per VM Managed by System Center Virtual Machine Manager Yes Support for Microsoft Clustering ServicesYes Host side backup support (VSS)Yes Scriptable / ExtensibleYes, COMYes, WMI User InterfaceWeb InterfaceMMC 3.0 Interface

27. Microsoft Provides a Multilevel Approach InfrastructureManagementApplicationsInteroperability ManagementIntegrated Physical & Virtual Management Virtual Management Only Virtual Machine Migration*Free as part of Windows Server Additional $$$ but Subsecond Guest Multi-processing4-core support (free)2/4-core (Additional $$$) Large Memory Support64GB per VM64GB per VM (3.5) Architecture SupportX86 & x64 Windows Server Virtualization VMWare ESX Server

28. Windows Server Core Are you ready for Server Core!!! Server Core Server Roles Server Core Security, TCP/IP, File Systems, RPC, plus other Core Server Sub-Systems DNSDHCP File AD GUI, CLR, Shell, IE, Media, OE, Etc. AD LDS Hyper-V IIS 7 PrintCluster

29. Windows Server Core Can be managed: –Locally from the command prompt –Via TS remote admin mode from the command prompt –Remotely via MMC, Windows Remote Shell –Remotely via WMI based PowerShell scripts and cmdlets (e.g. the IIS cmdlets) Benefits –Fundamentally improves availability –Less code results in fewer patches and reduced servicing burden –Low surface area server for targeted roles –More secure and reliable with less management

30. Managing WSV on Server Core Locally –Custom scripts accessing WMI (no managed code & no local PowerShell) Remotely –Using WSV MMC From Windows Server 2008 From Vista SP1 –Using Virtual Machine Manager Designed for managing a farm of servers Includes extensive PowerShell implementation

31. The Hypervisor doesn’t save you $$$

32. What is VMM? A new System Center product that allows you to manage your virtualized environment –Entire Host Farm from a single Console –Built on Powershell Feature set includes centralized: –Host Configuration –Virtual Machine Creation –Virtual Machine Placement and Deployment –Server Consolidation Tools –Image Library Management –Monitoring and Reporting –Rapid Recovery

33. Windows ® PowerShell ScriptAdministrator MMC ConsoleSelf Service Web User Physical Servers with VMM agents in DMZ Perimeter Network (DMZ) Physical Servers with VMM agents Library Share Self Service Web Portal Virtual Machine Management: Topology Administration Virtual Machine Manager

34. Workload Provisioning and Server Consolidation Wizard based for creating VMs –Clone existing VMs, workload templates, etc. Virtualization Candidates report to facilitate the consolidation process Wizard based solution for converting physical machines into virtual machines (P2V) –Windows 2003 and later can be converted without any downtime Virtual to virtual (V2V) conversion for VMware VMs

35. Virtual Machine Manager Self Service Web Portal Web user interface to allow end users to create and use their own VMs Administrators can control access through policies which designate capabilities

36. Rating Function Hard Requirements Check Guest VM Data Capacity Planning Technology Host Data Actual CPU, Network, & Disk Load Configuration Physical Disk, Processor & Memory Reqs Virtual Machine Intelligent Placement Normalized Host + VM Load Result of Hard Requirements Check

37. Virtualization Workload Monitoring Host Perspective Virtualization is a new server workload, but with similar monitoring needs as existing workloads. Virtual Machine is a component of the virtualization stack. In Guest Perspective Virtual Machine is a computer! Virtual Machine Host Virtual Machine Ops Mgr Agent Virtualized Workload Virtual Machine Ops Mgr Agent Virtualized Workload Operations Manager Agent Virtual Machine Manager Agent

38. Virtualization Management Pack Server Virtualization Management Pack for Operations Manager 2007 provides the following: Discovery and monitoring of all Virtual Server and Virtual Machine Manager Components Alerts on job and component status change Reports for managing and maintaining a virtualized environment Virtualization environment diagram view

39. Virtualization Management Pack Reports Reports in the Server Virtualization Management Pack leverage the data available from the Operations Manager Data Warehouse. The reports are accessible from with the VMM Administrator’s Console –Virtualization Candidates –Virtual Machine Allocation –Virtual Machine Utilization –Host Utilization –Host Utilization Growth

40. Availability SCVMM 2007 – Available now SCVMM “Next” Beta – Q2 CY2008 SCVMM “Next” RTM – H2 CY2008 Windows Server Virtualization Tech Preview –Available with Windows Server 2008 RC0 Windows Server Virtualization Beta –Available with Windows Server 2008 RC1 Windows Server Virtualization RTM –within 180 days of Windows Server 2008 RTM

41. Windows Server Virtualization Key featuresKey features –32-bit and 64-bit guests –x64-only hosts with Intel VT or AMD V –Up to 8 CPU’s per guest –Direct SAN access available to guest –WMI management and control API –Live snapshotting of guests and hosts –CPU and I/O resource controls –Quick migration of guests (Live Migration planned RTM +1) –Host and guest clustering –Completely manage SCVMM using PowerShell –Recommend install Server Core on the Parent Partition