1. Virtualization: Friend or Foe Neal Puff Chief Information Officer Yuma County, AZ September 30, 2009

2. My Background 20+ years private industry IT leadership County government CIO since 2005 Operations and network design Author of the book Security for People and Computers 2008 Computerworld Premier 100 IT Leader CISSP, PMP, CPM, MBA, etc.‏ (Enough with the acronyms)

3. Yuma County, AZ Located in extreme SW Arizona Population: Approximately 200,000 (~ 300,000 in winter)‏ Largest city: Yuma, AZ (~ 100,000) Main industries: Agriculture, military, manufacturing, retirement, recreation Weird Fact: Parts of Yuma County lie both North and South of parts of California and Mexico

4. Yuma County Award Winning IT

5. Yuma County's Infrastructure Little legacy equipment 100 Meg Ethernet LANs with multiplexed multi-gigabit fiber backbone WAN 60 terabyte SAN split geographically 40% physical servers (old) 60% virtualized servers running on blade hardware with virtual server images stored on SAN VOIP network covering major locations Virtualized ERP and databases

6. It's All Good, Right? Save money Save time Improved disaster recovery Easier administration Simplifies equipment swaps More effective testing and “promote to production” process “Greener”

7. The Dark Side Licensing New Skillsets Initial Cost / Setup Backups Internal Resistance Server Birth Control

8. Licensing Is a server licensed based on the number of real or virtual CPUs/cores? Can the virtual machine & software be moved from physical server to another? Will manufacturers support the install? Does a backup of a virtual machine require separate licenses?

9. New Skillsets New software to manage virtual servers New install methods New mindset

10. Initial Cost / Setup Likely new hardware to buy. (Blades, SAN) Every virtual machine requires its own Operating System license. Each physical server will require a license for the virtualization software. Training. Time required to do new installs or “Physical to Virtual” conversions.

11. Backups Virtual machines present new challenges with backups May require new software to take full advantage of virtual disaster recovery benefits Tendency to consume more disk space with snapshots of virtual machines

12. Internal Resistance Many “traditional” server people do not trust virtual servers. Performance concerns. Fear of the unknown. Lack of knowledge/training.

13. Server Birth Control It is deceptively simple to create a new virtual server. Virtual servers typically require “virtually” the same maintenance as physical servers. Virtual servers are “free”

14. We Shall Overcome (part 1) Licensing is a continuing challenge, but most vendors have come to embrace virtualization. Be mindful of the stresses the new technology will put on your staff, train and be patient. NOT Do NOT “sell” virtualization based on cost savings.

15. We Shall Overcome (part 2) Plan your backup strategy in advance. Start small with sure fire wins to win support from internal and external staff. Manage new virtual server deployments with the same controls as physical servers.

16. Summary (Virtualization is Your FRIEND) Server virtualization has its share of challenges, but the payoff for getting it right is amazing. Yuma County has experienced every problem discussed in this presentation at least once, but the benefits of virtualization have vastly outweighed the challenges.

17. Something Free! Free copy of my award winning book: Security for People and Computers E-mail me and I'll send you a PDF of the entire book

18. Questions? Neal Puff Chief Information Officer Yuma County, AZ neal.puff@co.yuma.az.us