1. © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning Instructor Resources for Lesson D Lessons Learned

2. © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning Instructor Resources for Federal Agencies National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) –Federal agency –Writes reports after worker injuries and/or deaths National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) –Performs fire dynamics testing –Assists NIOSH with research and investigation

3. © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning Instructor Resources for Issues Related to Firefighter Deaths and Near Misses Common issues: –Stress-related cardiac events –Lack of fire-ground accountability –Becoming lost, separated, or running out of air –Hostile fire conditions –Structural failure

4. © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning Instructor Resources for Recommendations Specific to the failure of floors, walls, and roofs at structure fires From firefighter fatality reports from 1996 through 2008: –Train firefighting personnel in risks/hazards related to structural collapse –Recognize potential collapse hazards Parapet walls State of disrepair Full fire involvement

5. © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning Instructor Resources for Recommendations (cont’d.) From firefighter fatality reports (cont’d.) –Establish and monitor a clearly marked collapse zone for unstable structures –When analyzing for potential building collapses: Recognize structural defects and large body of fire in old structures

6. © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning Instructor Resources for Recommendations (cont’d.) From firefighter fatality reports (cont’d.): –Pay attention to non–automatic-sprinklered commercial retail stores –Modifications/renovations/changes in occupancy without review/inspection by building professionals May decrease structural integrity of supporting members

7. © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning Instructor Resources for Firefighter Fatality Reports Available at http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/firehttp://www.cdc.gov/niosh/fire –Click on Fatality Reports Reports cited by NIOSH: –Specific to the failure of floors, walls, and roofs at structure fires –See text for cites (xxi–xxii)

8. © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning Instructor Resources for Firefighter Fatality Reports (cont’d.) Situations resulting in fatalities: –Foot awning collapses –Floor collapses at commercial and residential structures –Falling through the floor at residential structure fires –Exterior wall collapse –Collapsing church facade

9. © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning Instructor Resources for Firefighter Fatality Reports (cont’d.) Situations resulting in fatalities: (cont’d.) –Partial or full roof collapses –Parapet wall collapses –Sudden floor and roof collapses –General structural collapses

10. © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning Instructor Resources for Summary NIOSH –Tasked with writing reports after firefighter injuries and/or deaths Common issues in firefighter deaths or injuries: –Stress-related cardiac events –Lack of fire-ground accountability –Becoming lost, separated, or running out of air –Hostile fire conditions –Structural failure

11. © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning Instructor Resources for Summary (cont’d.) Recommendations specific to the failure of floors, walls, and roofs at structure fires –Train firefighting personnel in risks and hazards related to structural collapse –Recognize potential collapse hazards –Establish and monitor a clearly marked collapse zone –When analyzing for potential building collapses, recognize structural defects and large body of fire in old structures

12. © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning Instructor Resources for Summary (cont’d.) Recommendations (cont’d.): –Pay attention to non-automatic-sprinklered commercial retail stores –Modifications/renovations/changes in occupancy without review/inspection by building professionals may decrease structural integrity