1. Abolitionists Americans Who Worked to stop slavery in America 1

2. 2

3. Effectiveness Scale  As you take notes, consider to yourself how effective each of these abolitionists were in fighting to end slavery. They all wanted it gone, but some were more effective than others. Use the scale below:  _______________________________  1-Great2-Somewhat 3-OK 4-Somewhat 5-Great  Harm Harmful Did some good Helpful Help 3

4. Cotton Gin: Technology That Promotes Slavery  Eli Whitney created the cotton gin as a gift for his friend, Katy Greene. She was a widow, who could not harvest enough cotton to pay her bills; it was too hard to get the seeds out of the cotton. The cotton gin pulled the cotton through brushes so that the seeds came out easily. As much cotton as could be grown, they could now harvest. Thus, an increase in slavery occurred. 4

5. Nat Turner  Nat Turner was a slave who was a preacher for the slave village. The story of Moses leading the Israelites out of slavery appealed to him. In 1831,He led a revolt of slaves in Virginia, killing several people. He was caught before he could escape Virginia and was killed. This violence was a warning to the country that troubled times were ahead. 5

6. Sojourner Truth  Sojourner Truth (Isabella Baumfree) was born as a slave in New York. After she gained her freedom, she traveled around to speak the truth about the evils of slavery. She was a powerful speaker & writer. 6

7. John Brown  John Brown led the “Bloody Kansas” revolt over popular sovereignty, as they voted on whether to allow slavery. Then, he led an attack on the army post at Harper’s Ferry! He wanted to steal the army’s guns, give them to slaves, and lead them in their fight out of Virginia up to the North. He was captured at Harper’s Ferry by a young colonel (Robert E. Lee), tried, and hanged for his crimes. 7

8. Harriet Beecher Stowe  Harriet Beecher Stowe interviewed slaves who had escaped from the South. From these stories, she wrote “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”. It was a best-selling book, and shocked the world about some of the horror stories from plantations in the South. 8

9. Frederick Douglass  Frederick Douglass was a slave who had been taught to read and write. After he escaped, he used his great speaking ability to talk about the evils of slavery and he published a paper called the “North Star.” He later called for free black men to help fight for the North in the Civil War. 9

10. William Lloyd Garrison  William Lloyd Garrison published an abolitionist newspaper called the “Liberator”. It spoke out harshly against the plantation system, and an reward for his capture was placed by the Southern states. 10

11. Harriet Tubman  Harriet Tubman was a former slave who established the “Underground RR”. She led 19 “trips” that freed 300 people. She was never caught, though a $40,000 reward was offered. She was known as the “Black Moses”. 11

12. Underground RR 12

13. Dred Scott  Dred Scott was a slave who sued for his freedom in the U.S. Supreme Court after his owner had taken him to a free state. The Court ruled that he was not a citizen but “property” under the law. This case could’ve outlawed slavery, if the judges had chosen to do so. Instead, this decision indirectly led to the Civil War. 13

14. Henry “Box” Brown  In 1849, Henry got some abolitionists to put him in a box, and mail him to the abolitionist society in Philadelphia. With only a tool for air holes, a canteen, and some biscuits, he traveled in the box for 350 miles from Richmond to Philadelphia. The trip took 27 hours, and the box was 3’ x 2 x 2 ½’! 14

15. Abraham Lincoln  Though Lincoln was opposed to slavery, he felt that only Congress could abolish slavery. He did promise to keep it from spreading to new states. When the Civil War occurs, he gives the “Emancipation Proclamation” that frees all the slaves when the war is over. 15

16. 16

17.  Central Abolitionist Project  Provide a chart of how each period rated each abolitionist.  Provide a Rating Scale of Your Class’s Ratings (#1-5)  Provide a Rating Scale of Your Team’s Ratings (#1-5)  Discuss the similarities & differences between your class ratings and the Team’s ratings.  Draw a political cartoon about the effectiveness of 1 or more of the abolitionists.  Write a paragraph on who you think was the “unsung hero” of the Abolitionist Movement. 17

18.  Abolitionists  AbolitionistsPer. 1Per. 2Per. 3AVE  Nat Turner2.11.81.81.9  Sojourner Truth4.34.34.14.2  John Brown2.62.01.52.0  Harriet B. Stowe3.84.03.63.8  Frederick Douglass4.44.54.84.6 18

19.  Abolitionists  AbolitionistsPer 1Per 2Per 3AVE  William L. Garrison3.73.63.63.6  Harriet Tubman5.04.95.05.0  Dred Scott3.03.53.13.2  Henry “Box” Brown3.14.13.23.5  Abraham Lincoln4.54.84.84.7 19

20.  ABOLITIONISTS: CENTRAL’S TOP 10  1. Harriet Tubman (5.0)6. William L. Garrison (3.6)  2. Abraham Lincoln (4.7)7. Henry “Box” Brown (3.5)  3. Frederick Douglass (4.6)8. Dred Scott (3.2)  4. Sojourner Truth (4.2)9. John Brown (2.0)  5. Harriet B. Stowe (3.8)10. Nat Turner (1.9) 20