1. ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

2. OUTER (VALENCE) ELECTRONS AND ATOMIC STRUCTURE U.V. and VISIBLEOuter Valence Electrons in Atoms & Molecules Give Rise to Atomic and Molecular Spectra in U.V. and VISIBLE Portions of the Electromagnetic Spectrum

3. ORBITALS Remember: –An Atomic Orbital is actually a Wave Function which describes the probability of finding an electron in a particular region of space around a central nucleus

4. ENERGY LEVELS FOR HYDROGEN ATOMIC ORBITALS

5. ATOMIC QUANTUM NUMBERS 1,2,3,Principal Quantum No: n = 1,2,3,… Angular Momentum Q. No : l = 0,1, … (n- 1) -l,…0,…,+lMagnetic Q. No: m l = -l,…0,…,+l +/- ½Spin Q. No: s = +/- ½

6. ANGULAR QUANTUM NOS. Angular Q. No: Letter l = 0 s l = 1 p l = 2 d l = 3 f

7. ORBITALS vs. PRINCIPAL Q. No. n e.g. n = 4, l = 0,1,2,3 So l = 0 4s l = 1 4p l = 2 4d l = 3 4f

8. M l values (–1 …+1). Adds up to (2l +1) So: One 4s orbital Three 4 p orbitals Five 4d orbitals Seven 4f orbitals

9. HYDROGEN s ORBITALS

10. HYDROGEN 2p x ORBITALS

11. HYDROGEN 2p y ORBITALS

12. HYDROGEN 2p z ORBITALS

13. HYDROGEN 3d ORBITALS

14. Blackbody Radiation vs. Frequency (Wavelength)