1. Introduction To Astronomy A little overview of what you might need to know for the 2010 STAR Test A little overview of what you might need to know for the 2010 STAR Test

2. Our SOL-AR System Contains objects that: Reflect Light and Objects that give off light We live on a planet-an object that only reflects light from stars like our sun: SOL Contains objects that: Reflect Light and Objects that give off light We live on a planet-an object that only reflects light from stars like our sun: SOL Formed over 12 billion years ago Our Universe

3. Milky Way Galaxy Our Solar system is located in one of the “spiral arms” of the Milky Way The Milky Way is just ONE of hundreds of billions of galaxies Each galaxy contains billions of stars Our Solar system is located in one of the “spiral arms” of the Milky Way The Milky Way is just ONE of hundreds of billions of galaxies Each galaxy contains billions of stars

4. Types of Galaxies Spiral Elliptical Irregular Spiral Elliptical Irregular

5. Stars produce light Stars are born in clouds of gas and dust called Nebulae Nuclear Fusion creates Helium from Hydrogen Helium can fuse to form Carbon Heavier elements are formed from supernova explosions Stars are born in clouds of gas and dust called Nebulae Nuclear Fusion creates Helium from Hydrogen Helium can fuse to form Carbon Heavier elements are formed from supernova explosions

6. Basic Star Types Smaller red and yellow stars like the sun are called main sequence stars Massive bright stars begin as white and blue stars Supergiant stars form when massive stars die Supernova is a massive explosion of a dying star Smaller red and yellow stars like the sun are called main sequence stars Massive bright stars begin as white and blue stars Supergiant stars form when massive stars die Supernova is a massive explosion of a dying star

7. Betelgeuse

8. Distances  AU (Astronomical Unit) the distance of the Earth from the Sun (1 AU ∼ 150 million km). Light Year is the distance that light can travel in year, which is 9.46 trillion km.  The Sun is about 93 million miles from the earth. The star nearest to the Sun is Proxima Centauri. Proxima Centauri is 4.3 light-years from the Sun (270,000 AU)  AU (Astronomical Unit) the distance of the Earth from the Sun (1 AU ∼ 150 million km). Light Year is the distance that light can travel in year, which is 9.46 trillion km.  The Sun is about 93 million miles from the earth. The star nearest to the Sun is Proxima Centauri. Proxima Centauri is 4.3 light-years from the Sun (270,000 AU)

10. Our Solar System Contains other objects that reflect light and orbit other bodies called satellites or moons. Our moon: Luna has a lunar cycle of 28 days in which it revolves once around Earth and rotates on its axis in the same period. Comets, asteroids and meteroids also reflect light. Contains other objects that reflect light and orbit other bodies called satellites or moons. Our moon: Luna has a lunar cycle of 28 days in which it revolves once around Earth and rotates on its axis in the same period. Comets, asteroids and meteroids also reflect light.

11. Meteoroid A meteoroid is a sand to boulder-sized particle of debris. The visible path of a meteoroid that enters Earth's atmosphere is a meteor, commonly "falling star". If a piece impacts Earth it is called a meteorite.sand boulderEarth's atmosphere A meteoroid is a sand to boulder-sized particle of debris. The visible path of a meteoroid that enters Earth's atmosphere is a meteor, commonly "falling star". If a piece impacts Earth it is called a meteorite.sand boulderEarth's atmosphere

12. Asteroids orbit within an area between Jupiter and Mars known as the asteroid belt

13. 1 Km diameter Meteor Crater, Arizona thought to have been formed by a 30m iron asteroid impacting at a speed 36 times speed of sound

14. Kuiper Belt The Kuiper Belt is a disk-shaped region past the orbit of Neptune extending roughly from 30 to 50 AU from the Sun containing many small icy bodies. It is now considered to be the source of the short- period comets.Kuiper Neptune AU The Kuiper Belt is a disk-shaped region past the orbit of Neptune extending roughly from 30 to 50 AU from the Sun containing many small icy bodies. It is now considered to be the source of the short- period comets.Kuiper Neptune AU

16. Comet’s From The Oort Cloud The Oort Cloud is a spherical cloud of comets believed to lie roughly 50,000 AU, or nearly a light-year, from the Sun Oort Cloud objects were formed closer to the Sun than the Kuiper Belt objects. comets50,000AUlight-yearSun The Oort Cloud is a spherical cloud of comets believed to lie roughly 50,000 AU, or nearly a light-year, from the Sun Oort Cloud objects were formed closer to the Sun than the Kuiper Belt objects. comets50,000AUlight-yearSun

17. Near Earth Objects  http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/spotlights/ 200702-neo.cfm http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/spotlights/ 200702-neo.cfm  http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/spotlights/ 200702-neo.cfm http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/spotlights/ 200702-neo.cfm

18. That’s All For Now…