1. Dr. Lagoudas and Dr. Davis, Faculty Advisors
Cindy Eppes – Westside Engineering and Geosciences Academy – Westside High School - HISD
Dr. Lagoudas and Dr. Davis, Faculty Advisors
Lesley Weitz, PhD Candidate

2. Shape Memory Alloys – SMA’s
SMA’s are metals that remember their shape.
Can recover apparent permanent strains when heated above a certain temperature.
The two unique properties described above are made possible through a solid state phase change, that is a molecular rearrangement, which occurs in the shape memory alloy. Typically when one thinks of a phase change a solid to liquid or liquid to gas change is the first idea that comes to mind. A solid state phase change is similar in that a molecular rearrangement is occurring, but the molecules remain closely packed so that the substance remains a solid. In most shape memory alloys, a temperature change of only about 10°C is necessary to initiate this phase change. The two phases, which occur in shape memory alloys, are Martensite, and Austenite. Martensite, is the relatively soft and easily deformed phase of shape memory alloys, which exists at lower temperatures. The molecular structure in this phase is twinned which is the configuration shown in the middle of Figure 2. Upon deformation this phase takes on the second form shown in Figure 2, on the right. Austenite, the stronger phase of shape memory alloys, occurs at higher temperatures. The shape of the Austenite structure is cubic, the structure shown on the left side of Figure 2. The un-deformed Martensite phase is the same size and shape as the cubic Austenite phase on a macroscopic scale, so that no change in size or shape is visible in shape memory alloys until the Martensite is deformed.

3. Phase Transformation Martensite Low temperature phase
Monoclinic Crystal Structure
Austenite
High temperature phase
Cubic Crystal Structure

4. Video

5. Phase Transformation Effects
Psuedo-elasticity effect
Shape memory effect
Eyeglass Frames
Staples for clamping bone fractures
Orthodontic Arches
On-demand airflow
Medical Tools
Retractor for abdominal surgery
Cell Phone Antennae
Polymer coated Vascular Stent

6. Dynamics System for SMA Spring Testing

7. Spring Data
Students will work in Excel with captured spring data from E3 work.
Standard spring
High stress spring
Low stress spring

8. Spring Data

9. Problem/Project Based Lesson
Westside Engineering and Geosciences Academy is focused on technology in the upstream portion of the petroleum value chain.
Problem/Project will be taught across English, Biology, Geometry and Technology.

10. Pre/Post Test
QuizStar

11. Student Background Engineering Camp week of August 4- 8
Team building – including ropes course
Houston Museum of Natural Science – Weiss Hall
Halliburton Real Time Center
Schlumberger – Drilling Rig Training Facility
Students will have studied the four basic steps in the design process in Technology Systems:
Identifying the Problem
Developing Design Solution
Evaluating Design Solution
Communicating Design Solution

12. Student Introduction Day 1 (Regular 50 minute class)
Students will be introduced to the properties of SMA’s and their uses. (Regular 50 minute class)
Class discussion of properties
Video clips
Live demonstration
Day 2 (Regular 50 minute class)
Students will break into groups and conduct mini research on applications of SMA’s.
Students will present findings

13. Student Introduction Day 3/Day 4 (Block schedule 90 minute class)
Students will be introduced to the two problems
Video from Black Gold – two scenarios
Valve not closed and drilling MUD poured out on platform
Pressure build up in drilling pipe – possible blow out
Materials
PVC tubing
Cardboard
SMA springs and wire
Assorted beans
Duct tape
Clamps
Battery
Foam tube

14. Pressure Release Materials
Foam tube
SMA wire
Fence picket
Pinto bean

15. Valve Materials PVC tube Pivot brace SMA wire Duct tape Cardboard
Pinto beans

16. Assessment – Product

17. Assessment – Proof of Concept

18. Assessment - Presentation

19. Acknowledgements Dwight Look School of Engineering – TAMU
E3 RET Program
National Science Foundation
Dr. D. Lagoudas and Dr. D. Davis, Aerospace Engineering
Magda Lagoudas, Director Space Engineering Institute
Lesley Weitz, PhD Candidate
P. Kumar, PhD Candidate
Agustin Maqui, Undergraduate