1. Chapter 9 The Progressive Era
Section 3
Teddy Roosevelt’s Square Deal

2. 10 Interesting Facts
1. His mother and his first wife died on the same day.
2. Roosevelt was a New York City police commissioner.
3. Roosevelt went skinny-dipping in the Potomac River
4. He won the Nobel Peace Prize.
5. Roosevelt was the first sitting president to leave the country.
6. A boxing accident left him virtually blind in one eye.
7. Roosevelt was a prolific author. (38 total)
8. Coined the phrase “Good to the Last Drop”.
9. Roosevelt once scaled the Matterhorn.
10. He volunteered to lead an infantry unit in World War I.

3. Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt

4. I. A Rough-Riding President
Roosevelt’s Rise:
Ambitious - Quick Rise in New York Politics – Governor
Ran for Vice President (under McKinley)

5. The Modern Presidency:
President McKinley Shot; Roosevelt becomes president at 42.
His leadership and publicity campaign creates the modern president.
Supports a strong federal gov’t. (Square Deal – his progressive reforms)

6. II. Using Federal Power Trust-busting:
By 1900, trusts control about 4/5 of U.S. industries
Roosevelt wants to curb trusts that hurt public interest
— breaks up some trusts under Sherman Antitrust Act

7. 1902 Coal Strike: forces miners, operators to accept arbitration
Sets principle of federal intervention when strike threatens public

8. RR Regulation: Elkins Act—stops rebates, sudden rate changes
Hepburn Act—limits passes, ICC to set maximum rates

9. III. Health and Environment
Regulating Foods and Drugs:
Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle—unsanitary conditions in meatpacking
Roosevelt pushes for Meat Inspection Act
dictates sanitary requirements
creates federal meat inspection program

10. Pure Food and Drug Act:
Food, drug advertisements make false claims; medicines often unsafe
Pure Food and Drug Act halts sale of contaminated food, medicine
requires truth in labelling

11. Conservation and Natural Resources:
1887, U.S. Forest Bureau established, manages 45 million acres

12. Conservation Measures:
Roosevelt sets aside forest reserves, sanctuaries, national parks
Believes conservation part preservation, part development for public

13. IV. Roosevelt and Civil Rights
Civil Rights at the turn of the 20th Century:
Roosevelt does not support civil rights for African Americans
Supports individual African Americans in civil service
— invites Booker T. Washington to White House
NAACP—National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
— goal is full equality among races
Founded 1909 by W. E. B. Du Bois and black, white reformers