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7 Characteristics of Living Things

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Presentation on theme: "7 Characteristics of Living Things"— Presentation transcript:

1 7 Characteristics of Living Things

2 All living things are made up of at least one cell
1 COMPOSED OF CELLS All living things are made up of at least one cell Cell – Basic or smallest unit of life Membrane bound structure in which all life processes are carried out

3 CELLS All organisms are organized at the cellular level
This organization enables organisms to carry out important life processes.

4 2 - REACT AND RESPOND TO STIMULI (the environment)
Stimulus – is anything that may cause an organism to react - Loud noises, hunger Response - the reaction to something in the environment - Run/cover ears, Eat/hunt for food

5 3 Adapt to their Environment
Environment – All the surroundings of an organism Homeostasis – maintaining a stable internal environment Adaptation – Change in traits over time that help an organism survive better in an environment; inheritable changes

6 4 REPRODUCE ·  Asexual – single parent produces offspring identical to parent ·  Sexual – 2 parents produce unique offspring having characteristics or traits of each parent

7 5 Contain DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Genetic material that contains the “blueprints” for each organism Provides directions for the making of proteins

8 6 OBTAIN & USE ENERGY Exchange materials with the environment
Required to carry out life processes- making and breaking down food, movement of materials and building of cells Metabolism – the sum of all the chemical processes in an organism

9 METABOLISM The Sum of All Biochemical Processes
Obtain Nutrition Sun is the source of most energy Producers - Make food Consumers - Eat Decomposers – Absorb 2. Digestion – Break down of large food particles into smaller pieces

10 Respiration – Mixing food with oxygen (O2) to release energy
Food + O H2O + Waste Energy Synthesis – Process of putting together or building up Making more cells – Growth Repair of Replace old cells Excretion – removal of wastes

11 7 GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT GROWTH – the increase in size of an organism
Surface to volume ratio limits how large a cell can grow

12 Growth in Single-Celled Organisms
In single-celled organisms growth occurs by an increase in cell size Cell can either stay big or divide

13 Growth in Multi-celled Organisms
In multi-celled organisms growth occurs by production of new cells ·   Increases the total number of cells in the organism ·   Increases total surface to volume ratio

14 Surface to Volume Volume Surface area Volume O2 , Food H2O Wastes

15 DEVELOPMENT Development – All the changes an organism undergoes as it grows and matures  ·  Newborn puppies can’t see at birth ·   Human babies develop the ability to speak and walk

16 LIFE SPAN All organisms, and individual cells, have a specific life span Includes: Birth Death Stages in Human Life Cycle Birth  Infancy  Childhood  Adolescence  Adulthood  Advanced Adulthood  Death

17 4 Basic Needs of All Living Things

18 Food Needed to provide Energy to carry out life processes
Ultimate source of energy is the sun Can get food as a producer, consumer or decomposer Provides raw materials for growth and repair

19 Water Cells contain ~70% water
·   Needed to release energy in food and for other biochemical reactions ·   Required for transporting materials throughout organism ·  Helps with dissolving or diluting waste products

20 Air or Gases ·   Carbon Dioxide (CO2) required for photosynthesis - converting of energy from sun into food (glucose) organisms can use ·   Oxygen (O2) required for respiration- releasing of energy from food (glucose) into energy organism can use ·   Other gases are needed in smaller amounts for various life processes; not required by all organisms

21 Environment Biotic - living parts; other organisms that
meet all 7 characteristics Living things may have to compete for their living space Abiotic-non-living parts; physical features such as air, water, temperature (climate) Must contain all the needs for that organism to survive

22 United Streaming Video


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