1. Do It NOW!!! 1.What is cephalization in animals? 2. Why do you think cephalization exists in most animal species? 3.What kind of symmetry must exist in animals that are cephalized? 4.What do you think the two major functions of the nervous system are? 5.Extra credit – there is a third function, do you know what it is?

3. Reflex As you watch the video, record the 5 steps of a reflex. How the Nervous system works How the Nervous system works

4. Function of Nervous Systems Receive information – sensoryReceive information – sensory Process informationProcess information ResponseResponse Nervous systems and neurons are unique to animals!Nervous systems and neurons are unique to animals!

5. Cephalization Most animals have their sensory organs and brain near the “head” end.Most animals have their sensory organs and brain near the “head” end.

7. Three Overlapping Function Sensory Receptors – found throughout the body for input about the organisms surroundings: sight, touch, taste, hearing, temperature, smell,Sensory Receptors – found throughout the body for input about the organisms surroundings: sight, touch, taste, hearing, temperature, smell, CNS – Central Nervous System: includes the brain and spinal chord. Processes infoCNS – Central Nervous System: includes the brain and spinal chord. Processes info PNS – Periferal Nervous system: Includes all the nerves of the body not included in the CNSPNS – Periferal Nervous system: Includes all the nerves of the body not included in the CNS

8. Periferal Motor Output: physical responses – muscles have special synapses that are activated by neurons to cause movement.Motor Output: physical responses – muscles have special synapses that are activated by neurons to cause movement. Effector cells: cells that are stimulated by neurons, ex. Muscles or glands that respond to the signal.Effector cells: cells that are stimulated by neurons, ex. Muscles or glands that respond to the signal.

12. Neuron Diagram

13. Claymation impulseimpulseimpulse

16. Animations Action PotentialAction PotentialAction PotentialAction Potential Sinaur Resting PotentialSinaur Resting PotentialSinaur Resting PotentialSinaur Resting Potential Life Wire Action PotentialLife Wire Action PotentialLife Wire Action PotentialLife Wire Action Potential Good SynapseGood SynapseGood SynapseGood Synapse SynapseSynapseSynapse DrugsDrugsDrugs action potaction potaction potaction pot

17. Neurotransmitters SeretoninSeretonin EpinephrineEpinephrine GABAGABA DopamineDopamine NorepinephrineNorepinephrine

27. Eye Cup Found in planaria, they are the most rudimentary “eye”Found in planaria, they are the most rudimentary “eye” Detect light and darkDetect light and dark

28. Compound Eye Arthropods – insects and crustaceansArthropods – insects and crustaceans Many lensesMany lenses Motion expertsMotion experts