1. Generic Structured Data Types and Hydrologic Concepts

2. From Russ Rew (Unidata) Collection of point data (unconnected x,y,z,t) Examples: earthquake data. Collection of trajectories (connected x,y,z,t, ordered t) Examples: aircraft data, drifting buoy. Collection of profiler data (unconnected x,y,t, connected z) Examples: satellite profiles. Station collection of point (unconnected x,y,z, connected t) Examples: metars. Station collection of profilers (unconnected x,y; connected z, connected t) Examples: profilers. Trajectories of sounding (connected x,y,z,t, ordered z, ordered t) Examples: ship soundings. Those are in addition to Gridded data on regular grids Swaths, like grids except each row has its own associated time and other metadata Data on unstructured grids Radial data, from weather radars, for example.

3. NOAA https://www.nosc.noaa.gov/dmc/swg/wiki/index.php?title=St ructural_Data_Types Structural Data ClassDescriptions and subclassesExamples and further explanation Grids (and collections of grids) rectilinear grids curvilinear grids finite element meshes outputs “unstructured” grids (variable numbers of vertices) finite difference model outputs finite element model outputs gridded (binned) data products level 4 (gridded) satellite fields spherical harmonic spectral coefficients (1) Moving-sensor multidimensional fields (and collections of same) swaths radials satellite passes HF radar side-scan sonar weather radar Time series (and collections of time series (2))time-ordered sequence of records (2) associated with a point in space or a more complex spatial feature. ocean moored measurements (3) fish landings at a port stream flow records sun spot activity climate data (surface atmospheric stations) paleo-records from cores, corals, tree rings, … computed climate indices such as SOI

4. Profiles (and collections of profiles)height or depth-ordered sequence of records (1) at a fixed (or approximately fixed) point in time and position in lat/long atmospheric soundings ocean casts profiling floats acoustic Doppler instruments (structural overlap with time series) Trajectories (and collections of trajectories)time-ordered sequence of records (2) along a path through space underway ship measurements aircraft track data ocean surface drifters ocean AUV measurements Geospatial Framework Data (4)lines polygonal regions map annotations shorelines fault lines marine boundaries continually operating reference stations (CORS) Point data (5) scattered pointstsunami or seismic occurrences species sitings geodetic control geospatial data Metadata“data about data” – context information needed for the interpretation of data Like other data types metadata has distinct requirements for storage, access, archival and transport. Metadata content is a major focus of discussions within all of the data types. Metadata as a “data type” refers specifically to its unique requirement and properties with respect to archival, access, and transport

5. Hydrologic Notions common hydrologic sampling features (beyond points): –Transects –Observations measured along a trajectory (aka the Ferrymon case – perhaps there is a common name for such type of sampling?) –Observations made along a vertical section (sequence of points at different vertical offsets) –Observations made (or interpolated) on a grid (or cube ?) –Any other common type of sampling (e.g. along a stream? - and especially common samplings expected as model inputs) integrated concepts that organize several types of hydrologic measurements: –Stream, Channel, drainage network, tributary, junction, water body, watershed, estuary (please add to these)

6. From Alexandria Gazetteer (DaveV) hydrographic features Used for: –bodies of waterbodies of water –eddieseddies –fluvial featuresfluvial features –marine featuresmarine features –overfallsoverfalls –upwellingsupwellings –water bodieswater bodies –waterholeswaterholes –whirlpoolswhirlpools Narrower Terms: –aquifersaquifers –baysbays –channelschannels –drainage basinsdrainage basins –estuariesestuaries –floodplainsfloodplains –gulfsgulfs –gutsguts –ice massesice masses –lakeslakes –seasseas –streamsstreams –thermal featuresthermal features Related Terms: http://www.alexandria.ucsb.edu/gazetteer /FeatureTypes/ver070302/00000130.htm

7. What we need formal definition and model, construction methods, retrieval methods, and priority of inclusion. Consider transect –if you are to store data measured along a transect, what are the transect characteristics you’d need to record? –If you are to request data for a transect (either previously stored transect, or a transect you arbitrarily define over some point cloud and an interpolation procedure), what would you expect as a return? –is transect a common enough and well defined concept to have it included in the schema, as opposed to a more general treatment of “sampling feature with a user-defined geometry” –Consider getTransect(location1, location2, timePeriod), or getTransect (TransectID) - versus getValues (featuregeometry, relationship, timePeriod)? At the services API level? At the application level? As a way to describe grouping in database?