1. Traffic In Women Hannah Christensen, Nicole Novotny, Logan Molnar

2. Definition: “Human trafficking is a modern-day form of slavery involving the illegal trade of people for exploitation or commercial gain” as defined by Homeland Security

3. Early History of Sex Trafficking Has been going on for centuries Became a political issue in the early 1900’s In 1902, the International Agreement for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic was created Purpose: "prevent the procuration of women and girls for immoral purposes abroad" (www.protectionproject.org).

4. Underlying Reasons For Trafficking: Economic issues poverty economic inequality wage and labor repression Social Issues gender inequality racism violence against women denial of women’s rights

5. Underlying Reasons For Trafficking: Political issues Corruption of political values Organized crime Militarization Lack of legal assistance

6. Examples of Common Women Trafficking Promise of a reliable job False marriage proposals turned into a bondage situation Being sold into sex trade by parents Being kidnapped by traffickers

7. Economic Facts of Trafficking According to Stop Traffick Fashion, the “total market value of human trafficking is over $32 billion” More money than Google, Nike, and Starbucks made in a year combined $15.5 billion is made in industrialized countries (such as Norway, Australia, Switzerland, Netherlands, and the United States) Average cost of a slave is $90

8. Top Countries Known for Trafficking 10. China 9. Ghana 8. Uganda 7. Nepal 6. Sri Lanka 5. India 4. Pakistan 3. Haiti 2. Brazil 1. Bangladesh

9. Trafficking in the United States There were 2,085 reported number of cases this year (2015) of sex trafficking out of the 2,795 cases of all types of trafficking 2,340 of those cases were women Since 2007, there have been a total of 21,434 cases

10. Trafficking in the United States California (478) Texas (214) Florida (191) New York (141) Ohio (137) New Jersey (86) Georgia (81) Michigan (81) Arizona (75) Virginia (73) Nevada (72) Maryland (64) Illinois (61) Pennsylvania (56) Washington (56) North Carolina (52) Colorado (40) Massachusetts (39) South Carolina (36) Tennessee (36) Kentucky (32) Minnesota (31) Louisiana (31) Oregon (30) HUMAN TRAFFICKING CASES REPORTED BY STATE (2015)

11. Signs of Trafficking Individuals have false travel or identity papers Think they are bonded by debt Have limited or no social interaction Limited contact with their families Work excessive and long hours

12. Philosophical Analysis Rubins in “The Traffic Of Women: Notes on the Political Economy of Sex” Sex trafficking is closely associated with the sex/gender system “society transforms biological sexuality into products of human activity, and in which these transformed sexual needs are satisfied.” Views women’s role in a capitalistic society women are supplying a capitalistic society without seeing the benefits they are contributing to the society as a whole Believes that the role women play in a capitalistic society is a historical pattern originates from gift-giving culture, the kinship system, and the incest taboo applies the Marxist Theory to the effect of women sex trafficking

13. Philosophical Analysis Relationship of Rubin’s Thesis to Modern Day Sex Trafficking: Correlation between a gift-giving society the roots of gift giving are noticeable in sex trafficking not only in sex trafficking, but in society as a whole example: A father giving his daughter away for marriage The oppression of women is made into today’s kinship system Kinship creates the foundation for society, creating inequality that is built up into the sex trafficking world creates standards and traditions for different cultures reinforces gender roles

14. Contact Information National Human Trafficking Resource Center SMS: 233733 (Text "HELP" or "INFO") Hours: 24 hours, 7 days a week Languages: English, Spanish and 200 more languages nhtrc@polarisproject.org | www.traffickingresourcecenter.org

15. Works Cited "About Human Trafficking." Stop Traffick Fashion. Web. 17 Sept. 2015. "Hotline Statistics." National Human Trafficking Resource Center. Web. 17 Sept. 2015. "Human Trafficking Trends in the United States." Polaris. 21 Nov. 2013. Web. 17 Sept. 2015. "Our Mission." The Protection Project. Web. 17 Sept. 2015. "Root Causes of Trafficking." U.S. Catholic Sisters Against Trafficking. Web. 17 Sept. 2015

16. Works Cited (cont.) Rubin, Gayle S. The Traffic in Women: Notes on the "Political Economy" of Sex. Monthly Review, 1979. Print. Samant, Shreya. "Top 10 Countries Infamous for Human Trafficking - List Dose." List Dose. 20 Aug. 2013. Web. 17 Sept. 2015. "Sex Trafficking." Women and Global Human Rights. Web. 17 Sept. 2015. "What Is Human Trafficking?" Homeland Security. Web. 17 Sept. 2015. "What Is Human Trafficking?" City and County of San Francisco: Human Rights Commission. Web. 17 Sept. 2015.