1. paramecium
paramecium

3. 6 Kingdoms of Life
Chapter 15 p

4. Back in the 18th century Still very debatable Linnaeus’ system
2 kingdoms
Plants and animals
Taxonomists then created
5 kingdom system
We are using the
6 kingdom system
Still very
debatable

5. How are organisms placed into kingdoms?
Cell type, ability to make food, number of cells
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
No nucleus
With a nucleus

6. All cells Whittaker’s 5 Kingdom system Prokaryotes Eukaryotes
Uni-cellular
Kingdom
Protista
Kingdom
Monera
All Bacteria
Multi-cellular
No cell wall
Kingdom
Animalia
Cell wall
Heterotrophic
Kingdom
Fungi
Cellulose
No cellulose
Autotrophic (PS)
Kingdom
Plantae

7. All cells 6 Kingdom system Prokaryotes Kingdom Monera All Bacteria
Eukaryotes
Uni-cellular
Kingdom
Protista
Kingdom
Monera
All Bacteria
Multi-cellular
No cell wall
Kingdom
Animalia
Cell wall
Heterotrophic
Kingdom
Fungi
Cellulose
No cellulose
Archae-
bacteria
Eu-
bacteria
Autotrophic (PS)
Kingdom
Plantae

8. 6 Kingdom system
eukaryotes
prokaryotes

9. Kingdom Monera Microscopic, unicellular Simple prokaryotic organisms
Have a cell wall
Heterotrophic or autotrophic
Reproduce asexually
Binary fission
Lacks nucleus & membrane bound organelles
Live nearly everywhere
(Eg. E.coli)
E.coli bacteria
(Escherichia coli )
Found in humans
Streptococci
Makes yoghurt

10. Kingdom Monera Split into two Archaebacteria Eubacteria
Once thought to be similar to eubacteria
Maybe the first living cells
Live in extremely harsh environments
Oxygen-free environments
Very salty environments
Produce methane gas
Live in hotsprings/volcanoes/artic
Eubacteria
True bacteria
Bacteria that we see around us

11. A bloom of cyanobacteria
-grows FAST!
-may produce toxins
-kill plants by blocking
light
A bloom of cyanobacteria
Lake in New Zealand

12. Kingdom Protista (Protist = first cell)
Most uni-cellular eukaryotic organisms
Has nuclear membrane
Heterotrophic or autotrophic or both
Reproduces asexually and sexually
Live in aquatic or moist habitats
Any organism that isn’t a plant,
animal or fungus
Eg. Simple algae, protozoan
Paramecium

13. Kingdom Fungi Most are multi-cellular eukaryotic organisms
Heterotrophs (ie. grows on wood)
Cell wall without cellulose (that’s why it’s soft)
Reproduce sexually and asexually
Most are terrestrial
Eg. mushrooms, bread molds, mildew

14. Kingdom Plantae All are multi-cellular eukaryotic organisms
Autotrophs (PS)
Reproduce sexually and asexually
Most are terrestrial
Cell wall with cellulose = tough
Eg. seaweed, mosses, ferns, conifers, flowering plants

15. Kingdom Animalia All are multi-cellular eukaryotic organisms
Most reproduce sexually (Some asexually)
Live in terrestrial and aquatic habitats
Eg. Sponges, worms, lobsters, sea stars, humans

16. FYI (For your information)
HUMANS  
KINGDOM:  Animalia PHYLUM:  Chordata (SUBPHYLUM:  Vertebrata) (SUPERCLASS:  Gnathostomata)
CLASS:  Mammalia ORDER:  Primata SUBORDER:  Haplorhini FAMILY:  Hominidae GENUS:  Homo SPECIES:  Homo sapiens

17. Review
A new organism is discovered in the tropical rain forest in Brazil. Scientists note it is made of many cells, has a nucleus, a cell wall, and cannot make its own food. Which kingdom does this new organism belong in?
KINGDOM FUNGI

18. Thinking Question
Which kingdom would most likely be the oldest kingdom, meaning the kingdom that has been around for the longest period of time on earth?
Give at least one reason why.