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The Father of Heredity
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Gregor Mendel
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Synonym for “Trait”
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Allele
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A structure located in the nucleus where DNA is stored
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Chromosome
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What is the passing of genetic material from one generation to the next generation called?
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Heredity
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Physical appearance that reflects your genotype
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phenotype
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This shows possible phenotypes and genotypes of what an offspring could look like or what genes they can inherit
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Punnett Square
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This is a picture of chromosomes arranged from biggest to smallest. It shows an organism’s sex and possible disorders
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Karyotype
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“Genes” the make up of the combination of traits you inherit from your parents (EX. AA, Bb, cc, Dd)
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Genotype
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2 copies of the same allele: BB, bb
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Homozygous: BB – dominant bb - recessive
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2 words that describe these types of alleles: Bb Tt Ss
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Heterozygous OR Hybrid
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in order for this recessive trait to be seen, the offspring must have two…
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of the same alleles - Homozygous recessive (little letters)
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The actual genetic information for a particular trait is called:
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gene
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A person who studies heredity is called:
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A geneticist
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The gene or allele that is most likely expressed or seen in an offspring – only one is needed to show trait
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Dominant: TT Tt
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Physical appearance
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Phenotype – what an organism looks like
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4 facts about Gregor Mendel
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1- he was a monk 2 – he was a gardener 3- he grew pea plants 4 – he was Austrian 5 – he studied heredity 6 – lived around 1850
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Genes that make up the combination of traits you inherit from your parents (EX. AA, Bb, cc, Dd) are called:
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Genotype – gene combinations by letters
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Give the genotype and phenotype ratios of this Punnett square (T = tall, t = short):
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genotype: 1 homozygous dominant (TT) 25% 2 heterozygous or hybrid (Tt) 50% 1 homozygous recessive (tt) 25% 1:2:1
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In garden snakes, yellow is dominant (Y) over green, and round is dominant (R) over flat. Cross a hybrid male in color who is flat, with a green female who is heterozygous shape. What are the ratios for the offsprings?
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Yyrr (male) “x” yyRr (female) Results: Yellow + round – 4/16, 1/4 Yellow + flat – 4/16, 1/4 Green and round – 4/16, 1/4 Green and flat – 4/16, 1/4 RATIO: 1:1:1:1
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