2. Monday 10-21-13 Objective: understand that cells have specialized parts called organelles with specific functions; Be able to identify the structure and explain the function of each cell organelle; distinguish between plant, animal and bacteria cells Agenda: 1.Bell Ringer 11 (35R) 2.Continue with cell notes ( ch.7)- (36L) 3.Finish Cell/Microscope Station Rotation (32R-34R) Reminders: Extra credit due tomorrow at the START of class; you will have a cell organelle, prokaryote/eukaryote quiz TOMORROW ( so hopefully you have been studying); vocabulary due tomorrow ( side board or todays notes)- (36R-37L); Test this Thursday ( Cell Organelles, Pro/Eu/ Homeostasis)

3. Chapter 7 Unit Vocab ( due 10/22) Homeostasis, osmosis, diffusion, facilitated diffusion, positive and negative feedback loop, pinocytosis, phagocytosis, endocytosis, exocytosis, selectively permeable, passive transport, active transport

4. CELL THEORY 1. All living things are ________________________. 2. Cells are the basic unit of ____________ & _____________ in an organism. (cell = basic unit of _____________) 3. Cells come from the reproduction of ____________ cells Cell image: http://waynesword.palomar.edu/lmexer1a.htm MADE OF CELLS existing life STRUCTURE FUNCTION

5. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynn_Margulis 1970- American Biologist _____________________ provides evidence for the idea that certain organelles within cells were once free-living cells themselves. = _________________________ Lynn Margulis ENDOSYMBIOTIC THEORY

6. Evidence for Endosymbiotic theory 1.Mitochondia and chloroplasts have circular_______ similar to bacteria. 2. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have ______________ whose size and structure resemble bacterial ribosomes. 3. Mitochondria and chloroplasts replicated using _________________ like bacteria. 4. _______________________ of mitochondria and chloroplasts have a composition similar to bacterial membranes. DNA Binary fission RIBOSOMES http://www.cytochemistry.net/cell-biology/mitochondria_lifecycle_graduate.htm INNER MEMBRANES

7. All living things made of cells BUT… organisms can be very different. UNICELLULAR MULTICELLULAR Image from: http://www.agen.ufl.edu/~chyn/age2062/lect/lect_06/bacsiz.GIF http://www.angelbabygifts.com/ http://www.inclusive.co.uk/downloads/images/pics2/tree.gif

8. CELL SIZE Typical cells range from: 5 – 50 micrometers (microns) in diameter http://facstaff.bloomu.edu/gdavis/links%20100.htm

9. How big is a micron ( µ ) ? http://www.talentteacher.com/pics/005cb.jpg 1 cm = 10,000 microns 1” = 25,000 microns

10. MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM don’t just contain MANY CELLS. Image from: http://www.isscr.org/images/ES-cell-Fig-2.jpg They have different kinds of cells doing different jobs

11. Cells in a multi-cellular organism become SPECIALIZED by turning different genes on and off Image from: http://www.ncu.edu.tw/~ls/graph/faculty_pictures/whole_time/SLC/SLC_lab-1.jpg Cell Specialization =DIFFERENTIATION

12. SPECIALIZED ANIMAL CELLS Muscle cells Red blood cells http://www.biologycorner.com/bio3/images/bloodcells3D.jpg http://www.mlms.logan.k12.ut.us/~ajohnson/Cells.html Cheek cells

13. Specialized Plant cells Guard cells Xylem cells Pollen Guard cells: http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/courses/img/Botany_130/Diversity/Bryophytes/Anthoceros/Guard_cells.jpg Xylem: http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Secondary_Growth/Woody_Stems/Tilia_Stem/Secondary_Growth/One_Year_Stem/Primary_xylem_MC.jpg Pollen: http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/labs/pollen.jpg

14. ________  __________  ___________  ATOMS MOLECULESORGANELLES IMAGE SOURCES: see last slide

15. ____________  CELLS TISSUES IMAGE SOURCES: see last slide Similar cells working together

16. ___________  __________  ___________ ORGANS ORGAN SYSTEMS ORGANISM IMAGE SOURCES: see last slide Different tissues working together Different organs working together

17. Tuesday 10-22-13 Objective: understand that cells have specialized parts called organelles with specific functions; Be able to identify the structure and explain the function of each cell organelle; distinguish between plant, animal and bacteria cells; understand how cells maintain a state of homeostasis Agenda: 1.Quiz: Pro/Eukaryotes; Cell Organelles Due: Extra Credit, Unit Vocabulary Reminder: Cell Analogy Project Due Friday; There will be a test Thursday over: cell organelle structures/functions; pro/eukaryotes; and homeostasis notes`( tomorrow). Last day to retest is Thursday 10-24

18. Wednesday 10-23-13 Objective: Describe the role of internal feedback mechanisms in the maintenance of homeostasis. Investigate and explain cellular processes, including homeostasis and transport of molecules. Agenda: 1.Homeostasis Notes (37R) 2.Homeostasis Demonstration/Mini Lab (38L) 3. Door Ticket ( 38R)-10 min- Positive and Negative Feedback Loop Examples Reminder: Cell Analogy Project Due Friday; There will be a test Thursday over: cell organelle structures/functions; pro/eukaryotes; and homeostasis notes;

19. Homeostasis 1.What does the term feedback mean? 2.What does it mean when a teacher or coach gives you feedback?

20. Homeostasis – maintaining internal balance in the body organism must keep internal conditions stable even if environment changes also called “dynamic equilibrium” – example: body temperature humans: – too cold = shiver – too warm = sweat lizard: – too cold = bask in sun – too warm = hide in shade

21. Regulation How we maintain homeostasis – nervous system nerve signals control body functions – endocrine system hormones chemical signals control body functions

22. What mechanisms are there to cool the body down? 1.Sweating When your body is hot, sweat glands are stimulated to release sweat. The liquid sweat turns into a gas (it evaporates) To do this, it needs heat. It gets that heat from your skin. As your skin loses heat, it cools down.

23. What mechanisms are there to cool the body down? 2. Vasodilation Your blood carries most of the heat energy around your body. Your blood carries most of the heat energy around your body. There are capillaries underneath your skin that can be filled with blood if you get too hot. There are capillaries underneath your skin that can be filled with blood if you get too hot. This brings the blood closer to the surface of the skin so more heat can be lost. This brings the blood closer to the surface of the skin so more heat can be lost. This is why you look red when you are hot! This is why you look red when you are hot!

24. What mechanisms are there to warm the body up? 1. Vasoconstriction This is the opposite of vasodilation This is the opposite of vasodilation The capillaries underneath your skin get constricted (shut off). The capillaries underneath your skin get constricted (shut off). This takes the blood away from the surface of the skin so less heat can be lost. This takes the blood away from the surface of the skin so less heat can be lost.

25. What mechanisms are there to warm the body up? 2. Piloerection This is when the hairs on your skin “stand up”. This is when the hairs on your skin “stand up”. It is sometimes called “goose bumps” or “chicken skin”! It is sometimes called “goose bumps” or “chicken skin”! The hairs trap a layer of air next to the skin which is then warmed by the body heat The hairs trap a layer of air next to the skin which is then warmed by the body heat The air becomes an insulating layer. The air becomes an insulating layer.

26. Controlling water levels The control of water levels is carried out by the KIDNEYS. It is closely linked to the excretion of urea. Urea is a waste product that is made when the LIVER breaks down proteins that are not needed by the body. Urea contains the element Nitrogen.

27. Controlling Glucose levels Your cells also need an exact level of glucose in the blood. Excess glucose gets turned into glycogen in the liver This is regulated by 2 hormones (chemicals) from the pancreas called: Insulin Glucagon

28. 2 types of feedback loops 1.Negative feedback system-correct the error 2.Positive feedback system-keeps pushing error in same direction.

29. Negative Feedback Response to changed body condition – if body is high or low from normal level signal tells body to make changes that will bring body back to normal level – once body is back to normal level, signal is turned off high hormone 1 lowers body condition gland specific body condition

30. Controlling Body Temperature high low nerve signals sweat nerve signals brain body temperature shiver brain dilates surface blood vessels constricts surface blood vessels Nervous System Control Feedback

31. liver pancreas liver Regulation of Blood Sugar blood sugar level (90mg/100ml) insulin body cells take up sugar from blood liver stores sugar reduces appetite glucagon pancreas liver releases sugar triggers hunger high low Feedback Endocrine System Control

32. Positive feedback loop Does not reverse the situation but increases the change in the system.

33. Positive feedback system During labor the muscle contractions push the baby through the birth canal becoming stronger by secreting the hormone oxytocin. Oxytocin is produced continously until the baby is delivered.

34. Thursday 10-24-13 Objective: Describe the role of internal feedback mechanisms in the maintenance of homeostasis; understand that cells have specialized parts called organelles with specific functions; Be able to identify the structure and explain the function of each cell organelle; distinguish between plant, animal and bacteria cells; understand how cells maintain a state of homeostasis. Agenda 1.Exam Day 2.Add: Isotonic, Hypertonic, and Hypotonic to page 37L Reminders: Cell Analogy Project Due TOMRROW!.

35. Friday 10-25-13 Objective: Describe the role of internal feedback mechanisms in the maintenance of homeostasis. Investigate and explain cellular processes, including homeostasis and transport of molecules. Agenda: 1. Bell Ringer 12 (40L)- 5 min 2. Notes (computer): Cellular Transport 25 min (39L) 3. Summary of Notes – 10min. ( Fryer)- (39R) 4. Closure: Explain how osmosis differs from diffusion. Explain what they have in common? (5 min)- Journal page (39R) under fryer model Due: Cell Analogy Projects! Homework: Cut outs for cell membrane ( lipid bilayer) need to be done for class on Monday