1. Whole Blood Centrifuged with Anticoagulant Plasma Buffy Coat (54%) (1%) Red Cells(45%) H2OH2O Protein Electrolytes Nutrients Blood Gases Hormones -91-92% -7-8% (white cells and platelets) (erythrocytes) Serum- plasma minus fibrinogen Red Cells- 5 X 10 6 / mm 3 White Cells- 6-9 X 10 3 / mm 3 Hematocrit (volume RBC’s/unit plasma) males - 40-50% females- 35-40%

2. Red Blood Cells (erythrocytes) stagnant blood- rouleaux rapidly-flowing blood Biconcave Discs 7.5-8.5 um dia. Erythrocyte Shape Varies with Tonicity hypertonicisotonichypotonicvery hypotonic (spheres)(ghosts) Sickle Cells (valine-glutamine subst. b-hemoglobin chain) Spherocytosis (spectrin alteration)

3. Blood Smear- erythrocytes SEM- erythrocytes Microscopy of Erythrocytes

4. BLOOD PLATELETS Granulomere Hyalomere (purple granules) (pale blue) Platelet- light micrograph microtubules glycogen microtubules micro- tubules glycogen granules microtubules (thrombocytes)

5. Blood Clotting ProthrombinThromboplastin(released from platelets and injured vessel wall) Thrombin FibrinogenFibrin (clot) (feltwork of fibrils, platelets and blood cells) platelets thrombus lesion

6. AGRANULAR LEUKOCYTES Monocytes (3-8%) Lymphocytes (20-25%) B Lymphocytes T-Lymphocytes (humoral immunity) (cell mediated immunity) Mononuclear Phagocytic System MonocytesLymphocytes

7. GRANULAR LEUKOCYTES Neutrophil (PMN) (polymorphonuclear leukocyte) Specific Granules (lysosomes & phagocytins0 Azurophil Granules (lysosomes) Lobes of Nucleus Pseudopodia Specific Granules Ectoplasmic Layer Neutrophil (55-65%)

8. Erythrocytes, Lymphocytes, Neutrophils and Platelets Bar Body

9. GRANULAR LEUKOCYTES Eosinophils (1-3%) Eosinophilic (acidophilic) granules Eosinophil Specific Granules Crystals (destroy antigen-antibody complexes)

10. Granular Leukocytes Basophils (less than 1%) Basophil Basophilic Granules heparin histamine serotonin

11. Eosinophil, Neutrophil and Basophil Eosinophil Neutrophil Basophil

12. Blood Plasma Plasma- transparent, yellow liquid vehicle for cells Serum- plasma without fibrinogen Serum Proteins: Albumin (@ 60 K) - colloid osmotic pressure and provide for solubility of hydrophobic components (e.i. lipids) Globulins(> 80 K) gamma globulins- e.i. IgG (immune globulins-antibodies) beta globulins - hormone transport (e.i. thyrogloblin) Transferrin- iron transport Cerruloplasmin- copper transport Serum Lipoproteins chylomicrons- fatty acid transport Very Low Density Lipoproteins (VLDL)) Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL) High Density Lipoproteins (HDL)