1. Section 3: The Jefferson Administration
Chapter 6
Section 3: The Jefferson Administration

2. Reducing Government Changes
Refused to deliver speeches to Congress- too much like a king
Asked to be addressed “Mr. President”
Reduced the amount of taxes paid by the American people & severely cut the size of the federal bureaucracy

3. Cut the number in the army by 3,000
Goal was to limit national government in people’s lives

4. Jefferson & the Courts The Judiciary Acts Judiciary Act of 1789
Created a national court system with 3 circuit courts & 13 district courts, all headed by the Supreme Court
Court would settle differences between state & federal laws

5. Judiciary Act of 1801
Decreased the # of Supreme Court justices & increased the # of federal judges
Outgoing members of Congress were trying to limit Jefferson’s opportunity to appoint judges to the Supreme Court & leave Federalist judges in office

6. Adams filled the posts before leaving office
Known as midnight judges
One of Adams’ appointments was John Marshall- sworn in as Chief Justice
Helped establish many important principles of constitutional law

7. Marbury v. Madison
Jefferson tried to deny the appointment of Federalist judges
Adams appointed William Marbury as justice of the peace for D.C.
Secretary of State James Madison never delivered the official papers (Ordered by Jefferson)

8. Marbury sued Madison- demanding to let him take officeV.

9. Judicial Review
Marshall ruled against Marbury declaring it was against the Constitution for the Supreme Court to give this order to the Executive Branch
Declared part of the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional

10. Power enables courts to decide whether laws passed by Congress are constitutional
Allows federal courts to review state laws & state court decisions to determine if they’re keeping with the Constitution

11. Jefferson’s Progress in the West
The Land Ordinance of 1800
Northwest Ordinance of established a process by which territories could become states
Land Act of people were able to buy land in small parcels & on credit

12. Napoleon & the French
Gained control from the Spanish of the mouth of the Mississippi River & New Orleans
French used this control to extract large sums of money from American traders
Jefferson sent Monroe as ambassador to buy New Orleans for up to $10 million

13. The Louisiana Purchase
Napoleon planned on creating a French empire in the Americas
His attempt to crush a rebellion in Haiti failed, so he changed his mind
He wanted to sell all the French claims

15. Monroe & Livingston offered him $15 million without Congress’ or President’s approval
Constitution didn’t mention the purchase of foreign lands
Dramatically increased both national debt & size of the US

16. The Lewis & Clark expedition
Began spring 1804
Goal was to search for river routes to the Pacific Ocean, make contact with the natives, & gather information about the region’s natural resources

17. To help with the mission they hired a French Canadian fur trapper & his wife Sacagawea as interpreters
Reached Pacific Ocean in 1805

18. The Election of 1804
1st term
Succeeded in lowering taxes, acquiring new territory, & allowed the Alien & Sedition Acts to expire & kept the nation at peace

19. The Federalist Dilemma
Only support came from the industrial centers of New England

20. Burr decided in 1804 to run as governor of New York as a Federalist
Hamilton & Burr
Burr decided in to run as governor of New York as a Federalist

21. Hamilton opposed Burr’s governorship & urged friends & supporters not to support Burr
Efforts were successful- Burr didn’t even receive a nomination
Burr was furious
Summer Burr wrote to Hamilton & challenged him to a duel

22. Hamilton accepted to prove his courage to the nation

23. Duel
July 11, 1804
Both fired shots & Hamilton fell, mortally wounded
Burr ruined his own political career
Fled NY to avoid being prosecuted with murder

24. Tried with treason in 1807
Jefferson won a second term
Defeated Federalist Charles Pinckney with 162 electoral votes to 14

25. Increasing Tensions in Europe
The Chesapeake
Jay’s Treaty expired in 1805
Both France & Britain were harassing trade ships headed for the opposite country
British kidnapped America sailors to serve in their navies

26. 1807- A British ship, the Leopard attacked the USS Chesapeake, inflicting 21 casualties & boarded it to search for deserters from their navy

27. The Embargo of 1807
Outlawed almost all trade with foreign countries
Both countries were largely unaffected
Many Americans hated the embargo & led to smuggling

28. Jefferson was forced to use the navy & federal agents to enforce the law
Ruined Jefferson’s second term