1. Map Projections …is about presenting the round Earth on a flat surface. Map Projections: Vermeer’s Cartographer

2. What is a map projection? A projection is a way to make a flat representation of the Earth

3. The only accurate representation of the earth is a globe. Only a globe preserves the map qualities of area, shape, direction, and distance.

4. Why are all map projections distorted? All map projections must distort size, shape, distance, or direction. Watch the following video to find out why: http://goo.gl/oxC3v

5. Why do we use maps vs. globes? -Practical -Technology is making maps less practical, but their images will always be used.

6. Types of Map Projections There are three main types of map projections A.Cylindrical/Mercator B.Conic C.Plane/Planar/Polar/Azimuthal

7. For Mercator projections, please know the following: 1.visual recognition 2.accuracy 3.Distortions 4.uses

8. Mercator/Cylindrical Projection

9. Visual Recogintion At what angle to lines of latitude and longitude intersect on a cylindrical projection?

10. Accuracy / Distortions Compare the size of landmasses on the cylindrical projection on the left with the Robinson projection on the right to answer the following questions. Which landmasses appear much larger on the cylindrical projection than they actually are? Which landmasses on the cylindrical projection appear to be accurate in size?

11. Accuracy What direction would you travel to get from ‘A’ to ‘B’? What direction would you travel to get from ‘C’ to ‘D’? True Compass Rose! A B CD

12. Video of cylindrical/mercator projection http://goo.gl/AE5bR

13. For Conic projections, please know the following: 1.visual recognition 2.accuracy 3.uses

14. Conic Projection

15. Visual Recognition

16. Watch this: http://goo.gl/rJKp4 Answer these: What visual clue is covered that will help you recognize a conic projection? (visual recognition) What parts of the world do conic projections show accurately? (accuracy/uses) Distortions?

17. For Planar projections, please know the following: 1.visual recognition 2.Uses

18. Plane/ Planar/ Polar/ Azimuthal Projection

19. Visual Recognition

20. Accuracy Planar projections are accurate at the point the projection touches the map

21. Shape distorted at edge of projection. Distortions:

22. Uses: Great Circle Routes The line created when you cut the globe in half connecting two points

23. used by pilots because great circle routes appear as straight lines. Uses:

24. Great Circle Route This video shows planes travelling on great circle routes to Sydney, Australia Optional http://goo.gl/lYnjw

25. For Gall-Peters projections, please know the following: 1.visual recognition 2.Why is considered politically correct?

26. Gall-Peters Projection Compare the Gall-Peters(left) to the cylindrical projection(right). 1.Both projections have latitude & longitude at right angles. What differences do you see between the shape/size of landmasses. 2.Why is the Gall-Peters projection called the “politically correct” projection?

27. For Robinson projections, please know the following: 1.visual recognition

28. Robinson Projection How do distortion levels of a Robinson Projection compare to distortion levels in other map projections?

29. For Interrupted projections Ignore…..They are funky looking though!

30. Interrupted Projections: visual recognition

31. Interrupted Projections

32. We are used to looking at maps that are centered on the Prime Meridian.

33. VI. The Big Idea A. All map projections have distortions. B. Each projection has its own advantages and disadvantages depending on the purpose of the map.

34. Summary Video Optional http://goo.gl/TG8XM