1. A Secure JBoss Platform Nicola Mezzetti Acknowledgments: F. Panzieri

2. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 20042 Outline Scenario JBoss Invocation Mechanism JBoss Security J2EE Security (JAAS based) JBoss Custom Security (Security Proxy) Using RMI over SSL in JBoss Conclusions References

3. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 20043 Presentation Scenario Inter-Org. Interaction Regulation QoS Monitoring + Violation Detection QoS Manag. + Monit. + Adapt. Trusted Transport Layer QoS Enabled Application Server Application

4. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 20044 JBoss Invocation Mechanism Key Abstractions: – Invocation: actual call made by the client – Dynamic Proxy From client it is seen to implement the interfaces it offers; – Invocation Handler (IH): Processes invocations on behalf of the dynamic proxy – Interceptor: Implements a behaviour specific for a given service; – Invoker: Carry the invocations in JMX target node masks phisical details to the client proxies

5. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 20045 JBoss Invocation Mechanism: the Client Side Dynamic Proxy Invocation Handler Invoke(A,p[ ]) Method A(p[ ]) Invocation Interceptors Invoker Typed Interface

6. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 20046 JBoss Interceptors Implement transparency – Each service the EJB relies may have an associated interceptor to enrich IPCs instances with specific meta-information e.g., Security Interceptor adds principal name and credential – They are MBeans as well InterceptorProxy at client side, Interceptor at server side

7. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 20047 JBoss Invokers IPC Transparency – Each transport protocol has its specific invoker Invokers are the actual IPC endpoints JBoss provides JRMP, HTTP and IIOP – JBoss allows the integration with custom Invokers They are MBeans as well – InvokerProxy at client side, Invoker at server side

8. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 20048 JBoss Invocation Mechanism: the Server Side I JMX Microkernel Remote Invoker EJB Container Interceptors EJB Instance Invocation The Remote Invoker is directly connected to the EJB Container; the invoker lets the microkernel route the invocation.

9. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 20049 JBoss Invocation Mechanism: the Server Side II The RemoteInvoker captures the invocation and passes it to the container – RemoteInvoker enables remote invocations The invocation is passed to the container through the JMX server The invocation passes through the invocation handler that captures information added at client side for enabling the services

10. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 200410 JBoss Security In JBoss, the EJB security layer extends the Interceptor Abstraction supporting – J2EE declarative security model (RBAC) JAAS based – custom security via SecurityProxy architecture Designed for enabling application specific security

11. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 200411 JAAS declarative security JAAS Abstractions: – Subject: The abstraction of an individual Collection of principals and credentials (public and private); – Principal: A unique identifier of an individual within a specific application; – Credential: Object bound to a specific principal that is used to carry out authentication; – Role: A name that qualifies the permissions of a principal within an application.

12. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 200412 JBoss Access Control: Client Authentication and Role Assignment Authentication steps: – SecurityInterceptor encapsulate principal and credential into the invocation; – At server side, principal and credential are checked – Authentication creates Subject with PrincipalsSet containing: One or more principals A group of role names from the application domain An optional group corresponding to the caller principal

13. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 200413 Client Authorization RMI MBean “Nicola” mzzncl Login Authentication happens at server side: - In standard JBoss passwords are trasmitted in clear - JBoss is independent from authentication technologies

14. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 200414 JBoss Authentication By default JBoss maintains a password based authentication mechanism – Custom authentication infrastruction can be integrated by implementing: Callback CallbackHandler Configuration LoginContext LoginModule – An implementation of Secure Remote Password protocol is included

15. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 200415 JBoss Access Control: Role Membership Check Authorizing access to an EJB home or remote interface method consists of: – Obtaining the names of the roles allowed to invoke the method (from the Deployment Descriptor) and… – Invoking doesUserHaveRole(Principal,Set) from RealmMapping interface If the RealmMapping grants the Principal with at least one of the roles in Set, then the access to the method is granted.

16. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 200416 JBoss Access Control: SecurityDomain SecurityDomain: – Application wide security manager Extends SecurityManager and RealmMapping It is responsible for implementing both principal authentication and authorization – Base for a multi-domain security architecture to support ASPs

17. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 200417 JBoss Access Control: SecurityManager and RealmMapping SecurityManager – Validates credentials associated with principals RealmMapping – Responsible for principals and role mapping Validates the roles to which an environment principal belongs Validates a principal to belong to a role

18. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 200418 JBoss Access Control: SecurityProxy SecurityProxy: – Designed to Implement application specific policies; Additional authorization is performed after any declarative authorization checks (enfoced by SecurityDomain); Invocation parameters are passed to the security proxy via – invokeHome(method, args[]) – invoke(method, args[]) SecurityProxy can reject access by throwing a SecurityException

19. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 200419 Considerations on JBoss Security RMI technologies do not provide us with security guarantees It does not protect against replay attacks Configuration is complex and timely-expensive – If application security is not properly configured, different applications can interfere with each other e.g., an EJB could illegitimately invoke another EJB’s operation – configuration is considerably time consuming (compared with application development time)

20. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 200420 Secure Socket Layer SSL technology provides – Authentication: SSL handshake Both the communicating parties trust the identity of each other – Secrecy: Shared key Shared session key efficiently provides secrecy – Integrity: Message Authentication Code (MAC) MAC enables to identify message changes in transit

21. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 200421 Using RMI over SSL in JBoss SecurityDomain interface provides operations for supporting secure transport layers – Customizable keyStore, KeyManagementFactory and TrustManagementFactory JBoss comes with an SSL implementation of – RMIClientSocketFactory – RMIServerSocketFactory An EJB Invoker for RMI over SSL Socket has to be implemented

22. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 200422 Future Work I We are going to – evaluate JBoss with Secure Socket Layer – assess the RMI over SSL within JBoss performance loss by using ECperf And compare it with standard JBoss performances If loss is considerable, a solution based on SRP and adequate role configuration could provide a good security tradeoff

23. N. Mezzetti - A Secure JBoss Platform TAPAS 5th Plenary Workshop - Bologna, 19-20 February 200423 Concluding Remarks JBoss enables the integration with custom security mechanisms at different logical layers – SecurityProxy and Interceptors for masking application dependent techniques – Invokers for transport layer techniques RMI over SSL is to be tested for understanding how much inter-EJB authentication affects JBoss platform performances