1. Program Update for NASA Ocean Biology & Biogeochemistry Advance Planning/ROSES/Budget Paula Bontempi NASA Headquarters April 2006 Paula Bontempi NASA Headquarters April 2006

2. Exploration Systems Space Operations Science Aeronautics Research Mission Directorates Ames Research Center Dryden Flight Research Center Glenn Research Center Goddard Space Flight Center Jet Propulsion Laboratory Johnson Space Flight Center Kennedy Space Center Langley Research Center Marshall Space Flight Center Chief of Staff Inspector General White House Liaison Office of the Administrator Administrator Deputy Administrator Associate Administrator Centers Mission Support Offices Chief Financial Officer General Counsel Chief Information Officer Innovative Partnership Program Office of the Chief Engineer Prog Analysis & Evaluation NASA Advisory Council Aerospace Safety Advisory Council Office of the Chief of S&MA V3 NASA Shared Services Institutional Planning and Investments Office of infrastructure & Administration Office of Human Capital Management Office of Diversity & Equal Opportunity Office of Security and Program Protection Office of Procurement Office of Small & Disadvantaged Business Utilization Education Public Affairs Legislative Affairs External Affairs Ofc of Institutions & Management Strategic Communications Integrated Enterprise Mgt Prog Chief Medical Officer

3. NASA Shared Services Institutional Planning and Investments Office of infrastructure & Administration Office of Human Capital Management Office of Diversity & Equal Opportunity Office of Security and Program Protection Office of Procurement Office of Small & Disadvantaged Business Utilization

5. NASA’s Guiding National Objectives Implement a sustained and affordable human and robotic program to explore the solar system and beyond. Extend human presence across the solar system, starting with a human return to the Moon by the year 2020, in preparation for human exploration of Mars and other destinations. Develop innovative technologies, knowledge, and infrastructure both to explore and support decisions about the destinations for human exploration Promote international and commercial participation in exploration to further U.S. scientific, security, and economic interests Study the Earth system from space and develop new space-based and related capabilities for this purpose.

6. NASA Earth Science Research Questions How is the global Earth system changing? What are the primary forcings of the Earth system? How does the Earth system respond to natural and human-induced changes? What are the consequences of changes in the Earth system for human civilization? How well can we predict future changes in the Earth system? Research: How is the Earth changing and what are the consequences for life on Earth?

7. Ocean Biology Program Ocean Science Program Derives from Earth Science Research Strategy VariabilityForcingResponseConsequence Prediction Precipitation, evaporation & cycling of water changing? Global ocean circulation varying? Global ecosystems changing? Atmospheric composition changing? Ice cover mass changing? Earth surface transformation? Atmospheric constituents & solar radiation on climate? Changes in land cover & land use? Motions of the Earth & Earth’s interior? Clouds & surface hydrological processes on climate? Ecosystems, land cover & biogeochemical cycles? Changes in global ocean circulation? Atmospheric trace constituents responses? Sea level affected by Earth system change? Regional air quality impacts? Weather variation related to climate variation? Consequences of land cover & land use change? Coastal region impacts? Weather forecasting improvement? Improve prediction of climate variability & change? Ozone, climate & air quality impacts of atmospheric composition? Change in water cycle dynamics? Predict & mitigate natural hazards from Earth surface change? Carbon cycle & ecosystem change? ES Science Questions and Ocean Program Involvement

8. Atmospheric Composition Atmospheric Composition, Radiation Sciences, Tropospheric Chemistry, Atmospheric Dynamics Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Terrestrial Ecology, Land Cover/Land Use Change, Biodiversity, Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Climate Variability and Change Physical Oceanography, Cryospheric Sciences Earth Surface and Interior Solid Earth and Natural Hazards Water and Energy Cycle Water Cycle Weather NASA Earth Science Research Programs / Science Focus Areas

9. Atmospheric Composition Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Climate Variability and Change Earth Surface and Interior Water and Energy Cycle Weather Approaches and milestones are outlined in the former Earth Science Roadmaps http://science.hq.nasa.gov/strategy/roadmaps/index.html Suborbital Science Modeling, Analysis, and Prediction Program – integration of Focus Area Science High-end Computing - Project Columbia NASA Earth Science Focus Areas

10. Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Roadmap T 2002 2010201220142015 2004 Reduced flux uncertainties; global carbon dynamics Funded Unfunded Global Ocean Carbon / Particle Abundance N. America’s carbon budget quantified Global Atmospheric CO 2 (OCO) 2006 2008 Reduced flux uncertainties; coastal carbon dynamics NA Carbon Global C Cycle T = Technology development Regional carbon sources/sinks quantified for planet IPCC Effects of tropical deforestation quantified; uncertainties in tropical carbon source reduced = Field Campaign Physiology & Functional Types Goals: Global productivity and land cover change at fine resolution; biomass and carbon fluxes quantified; useful ecological forecasts and improved climate change projections Vegetation 3-D Structure, Biomass, & Disturbance T Terrestrial carbon stocks & species habitat characterized Models w/improved ecosystem functions High-Resolution Atmospheric CO 2 Sub-regional sources/sinks Integrated global analyses CH 4 sources characterized and quantified Report P Vegetation (AVHRR, MODIS) Ocean Color (SeaWiFS, MODIS) Land Cover (Landsat) Bridge (LDCM)Land Cover (OLI) Vegetation, Fire (AVHRR, MODIS) Ocean/Land (VIIRS/NPP) Ocean/Land (VIIRS/NPOESS) Models & Computing Capacity Case Studies Process Understanding Improvements: Human-Ecosystems-Climate Interactions (Model-Data Fusion, Assimilation); Air-Sea Flux T Partnership N. American Carbon Program Land Use Change in Amazonia Global CH 4 ; Wetlands, Flooding & Permafrost Global C Cycle Knowledge Base 2002: Global productivity and land cover resolution coarse; Large uncertainties in biomass, fluxes, disturbance, and coastal events Systematic Observations Process controls; errors in sink reduced Coastal Carbon Southern Ocean Carbon Program, Air-Sea CO 2 Flux

11. Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Roadmap T 2002 2010201220142015 2004 Reduced flux uncertainties; global carbon dynamics Funded Unfunded Global Ocean Carbon / Particle Abundance N. America’s carbon budget quantified Global Atmospheric CO 2 (OCO) 2006 2008 Reduced flux uncertainties; coastal carbon dynamics NA Carbon Global C Cycle T = Technology development Regional carbon sources/sinks quantified for planet IPCC Effects of tropical deforestation quantified; uncertainties in tropical carbon source reduced = Field Campaign Goals: Global productivity and land cover change at fine resolution; biomass and carbon fluxes quantified; useful ecological forecasts and improved climate change projections Vegetation 3-D Structure, Biomass, & Disturbance T Terrestrial carbon stocks & species habitat characterized Models w/improved ecosystem functions High-Resolution Atmospheric CO 2 Sub-regional sources/sinks Integrated global analyses CH 4 sources characterized and quantified Report P Vegetation (AVHRR, MODIS) Ocean Color (SeaWiFS, MODIS) Land Cover (Landsat) Bridge (LDCM)Land Cover (OLI) Vegetation, Fire (AVHRR, MODIS) Ocean/Land (VIIRS/NPP) Ocean/Land (VIIRS/NPOESS) Models & Computing Capacity Case Studies Process Understanding Improvements: Human-Ecosystems-Climate Interactions (Model-Data Fusion, Assimilation); Air-Sea Flux T Partnership N. American Carbon Program Land Use Change in Amazonia Global CH 4 ; Wetlands, Flooding & Permafrost Global C Cycle Knowledge Base 2002: Global productivity and land cover resolution coarse; Large uncertainties in biomass, fluxes, disturbance, and coastal events Systematic Observations Process controls; errors in sink reduced Coastal Carbon Southern Ocean Carbon Program, Air-Sea CO 2 Flux Physiology & Functional Types

12. North American Carbon Program (03-04/Partnership) North America’s carbon budget quantified First selections made in Carbon NRA in 2004 North American Carbon Program/Ocean Carbon and Climate Change (http://www.carboncyclescience.gov/) – ROSES 2005 NACP Global Ocean Carbon/Particle Abundance Reduced uncertainties in fluxes and global carbon dynamics Carbon NRA in 2004 Coastal Carbon Reduced uncertainties in fluxes and coastal carbon dynamics Physiology and Functional Types Models with improved ecosystem function Southern Ocean Carbon Program (Partnership) Process controls identified; errors in sink reduced Challenges – update technology roadmaps, slide time line forward…. CC&E Roadmap - Oceans

13. Carbon Cycle & Ecosystems Focus Area Advance Planning Engage the broad NASA carbon cycle and ecosystems community to reevaluate NASA directions, goals, approaches, and priorities in carbon cycle and ecosystems research. Responsive to and informing Agency strategic roadmapping and the NRC Decadal Survey. Parallel working groups, coordinated by a steering committee to combine and integrate working group products into a comprehensive focus area plan. –Discipline specific documents will be produced and published as needed. ~18 months to seek broad inputs, assess and prioritize, write and iterate, and revise for publication. Expect an initial call for white papers followed by workshops and major community meetings.

14. Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Where do we go from here? Agency – advance planning, reorg SMD reorg + Earth science advance planning Focus Area advance planning Programmatic advance planning – the next 20-30 years of ocean biology and biogeochemistry research Agency – advance planning, reorg SMD reorg + Earth science advance planning Focus Area advance planning Programmatic advance planning – the next 20-30 years of ocean biology and biogeochemistry research

15. Ocean/Coastal Processes from Space NASA’s Program in Ocean Biology & Biogeochemistry Carbon Cycle, Ecosystems Research C Biological Oceanography’s Three Primary Objectives: 2006 Time Series, Cal/Val (MOBY, HOTS, BATS) Terra Aqua SeaWiFS Ocean Biology Processing/ Cal/Val Program (Report) (MOBY, new in situ tech, FC) New Measurements/ ESSP/New Initiative NACP/OCCC/ IMBER/SOLAS

16. Biological Oceanography’s Three Primary Objectives: 2006 Time Series, Cal/Val (MOBY, HOTS, BATS) Ocean Biology Processing/ Cal/Val Program (Report) (MOBY, new in situ tech, FC) Linkages with OOI, IOOS/ SIMBIOS follow-on Evolution of calibration science Opportunities/linkages with other programs OBPG/SIMBIOS follow on, data policy Evolution of calibration science Opportunities/linkages with other programs OBPG/SIMBIOS follow on, data policy

17. Biological Oceanography’s Three Primary Objectives: 2006 Terra Aqua SeaWiFS New Measurements/ ESSP/New Initiative/ MERIS Synthesis and Integration (beyond process studies) MAP New measurements: Oceans, COCOA, MAUVE, etc. Synergies? Ocean fields, atmosphere, radiation sciences ESSP could provide new opportunity, but planning should not stop there….can these, and the science questions they address, be rolled into the next 30 years of ocean science from space (not just biology and biogeochemistry….) Synthesis and Integration (beyond process studies) MAP New measurements: Oceans, COCOA, MAUVE, etc. Synergies? Ocean fields, atmosphere, radiation sciences ESSP could provide new opportunity, but planning should not stop there….can these, and the science questions they address, be rolled into the next 30 years of ocean science from space (not just biology and biogeochemistry….) Ocean/Coastal Processes from Space & Modeling, Analysis, and Prediction Ocean/Coastal Processes from Space & Modeling, Analysis, and Prediction

18. Carbon Cycle, Ecosystems Research C Biological Oceanography’s Three Primary Objectives: 2006 Synergy with IOOS, OOI, CCSP, OAP, etc. Investments in NACP, OCCC International efforts in IMBER, SOLAS, Repeat Hydrography Survey, etc. New Opportunities from programmatic advance planning - feedback Synergy with IOOS, OOI, CCSP, OAP, etc. Investments in NACP, OCCC International efforts in IMBER, SOLAS, Repeat Hydrography Survey, etc. New Opportunities from programmatic advance planning - feedback

19. New Measurements/Missions/Opportunities Synergy with ORION, IOOS, CCSP ESSP – Earth System Science Pathfinder unique, specific, highly-focused mission requirements in Earth science research; addressing Global Change Research to accommodate new scientific priorities and infuse new scientific participation into the ESE http://essp.gsfc.nasa.gov/ Announcement of Opportunity – late 2007 IIP – Instrument Incubator Program (ESTO) innovative remote-sensing concepts and the assessment of these concepts in ground, aircraft, or engineering model demonstrations http://esto.gsfc.nasa.gov/obs_technologies_iip1.html SBIR – Small Business Innovation Research increase private sector commercialization of innovations and support and encourage minority and disadvantaged businesses http://sbir.gsfc.nasa.gov/

20. The Next Steps Near term (1-2 years) Data Product algorithm selection (ESDRs) Data Policy - link to MAP efforts International efforts in IMBER, SOLAS Interagency Opportunities – ORION, NACP, OCCC Calibration & Validation Program Plan Research Program plan, FA science and tech. inputs Feed in to Focus Area, Earth Science, ESTO, Agency Moderate term (<10 years) New Measurements/missions Dedicated sensors/missions for ocean research Long term (30 years) New initiative - where Ocean biology/biogeochemistry research needs to go

21. Design and feedback of a robust Calibration/Validation Program & Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Research Advance Plan– Workshops/reports/research –Collaboration among PIs – integration of efforts with selected proposals –Engage ORION and IOOS –SOLAS, IMBER, CLIVAR, NACP, OCCC (ship time, etc.) –MERIS Data; ESA’s ENVISAT Science team, Venice Tower Enhancement of ocean biology processing group –Data product/algorithm selection and round robins; Data reprocessing, merging, assimilation, modeling – Earth System Data Records National and International Workshops – SOLAS, IMBER, OOI, NACP, OCCC Annual Ocean Color Research Team Meetings – modeling, innovative technologies, future measurements and initiatives, PROGRESS NRC Decadal Survey Role of the Community

22. 99 00010203040506070809 101112131415 NPOESS OPS TOPEX/P. JASON OSTM AQUARIUS Directed Competed QuikSCAT GRACE Beyond OSTM (2008) and Aquarius (2009), there are no approved NASA oceanographic satellite missions NASA Current and Approved Oceans and Ice Missions Today Primary Mission Approved Extended Mission Conditionally Approved Extended Mission AQUA/MODIS ICESAT SEAWIFS Comm

23. Mission Updates SeaWiFS –8 1/2-year time series –September 1997- present Terra MODIS –Spinning up revisit –SST available Aqua MODIS –Concentrate efforts on product selection and refinement –June 2002-Present NPP (NPOESS Preparatory Project) VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite) –NASA NPP Project Scientist, Jim Gleason – provide an update –Wayne Esaias will provide VIIRS update from NASA team NPOESS (National Polar-Orbiting Environmental Satellite System)VIIRS –Operational focus – systematic observations – triggered Nunn-McCurdy in late 2005, proposed options for fix on 1 June GLORY –Jacek Chowdhary (Columbia Univ.)

24. NASA FY06 and FY07 Items to Note 20% cut in FY06 for SMD, and likely further cuts in FY07 in core Earth Science Research and Analysis programs GPM launch moved out 2 years ESSP call no earlier than FY2008 FY07 budget silent on Ocean Vector Winds HPLC – hold on sample processing – SEAHARRE-3 identified some problems with data, see C. Trees poster – working on problem + fix, as well as completion of sample processing Progress reports and grant/contract changes 90d ahead of your annual end date, response time

25. NASA FY06 and FY07 Items to Note – U.S. Ocean Action Plan Ocean Research Priorities Plan – 18-20 April, Denver, CO http://www.ceq.gov Ocean Research Priorities Plan – 18-20 April, Denver, CO http://www.ceq.gov Paula Bontempi John Haynes Paula Bontempi & John Haynes Eric Lindstrom Jack Kaye Ming-Ying Wei Mary Cleave + Jack Kaye Jack Kaye + Eric Lindstrom Paula Bontempi + Lawrence Friedl

26. NASA Research Opportunities ROSES – Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Science Omnibus solicitation with former Space Science Released in January each calendar year Rolling deadlines for NOIs and Proposal Due Dates Updates to different sections in Table of Contents via Amendments by E-mail Solicitations Closed, Under Review - Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry – Calibration [7 April 2006] - North American Carbon Program (OCCC) - [April/May 2006 panel] ROSES 2006 - http://nspires.nasaprs.com/ - Interdisciplinary Research in Earth Science (~$11M – 4.17.2006) - Landscapes to Coasts - Coupled Carbon and Climate Modeling - International Polar Year – ($6M – 5.1.2006) - Integrated analysis/modeling efforts; field campaigns, tech development for UAV instruments - EOS Science Research (~$25M – 7.18.2006) - Algorithms, Science Data Analysis (new products, integrated research, intra and inter-sensor data fusion) – CCSP, OAP, GEOSS

27. NASA Research Opportunities New Investigator Program in Earth Science – 2007 (1/8 or 1/10) – mwei@mail.nasa.gov Designed for scientists and engineers with Ph.D. degrees within the last 5 years Must be US citizen or legal permanent resident (with Green card) at the time of award (immediately after selection) Both Research and Education plans are required, with Research carrying approx. double the weight of Education, motivating scientists/engineers to recognize that our job does not end with publishing papers. 3-year awards at $80-120K/year A source of PECASE nominations, but not the only source Earth System Science Fellowship Program – Graduate Students - Annual (1/4- 1/7) Support to graduate students pursuing master’s and/or Ph.D. degrees in disciplines addressing Earth system science and remote sensing Up to 3 years of support at $24K/year (Increase to $30K/year anticipated in FY2008) Applications due February 1 every year; announcement of selections late May; award start-date September 1 Foreign students, if enrolled full-time at a US institution, may apply