1. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education What cause the different seasons on Earth? Augusto Macalalag

2. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education Initial Model Name the different seasons in the U.S. Draw and/or explain what you think causes these seasons. What is your evidence, rationale, or how do you know that?

3. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education Observation 1 Sun Side View Note: Pictures & distances are not drawn to scale.

4. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education Computer Models

5. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education

12. Reasons for Seasons WebsiteReasons for Seasons

13. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education Observation 2 Spreading out What patterns did you see?

14. Observation 3 Experiment using a heat lamp (class demo or class experiment)

15. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education What patterns did you see?

16. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education Revise your model Draw & explain what you think causes the seasons in the U.S. What is your evidence or how do you know that? What is different with your model before and after? What did you add, delete, or change?

17. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education The Sun Tracker Sun Tracker Website – How high is the sun in the sky?Sun Tracker Website

18. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education

23. What pattern(s) did you see?

24. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education Global Sun Temperature Project- Internet- based collaborative project www.stevens.edu/ciese/curriculum/temppr oj3/en/index.shtmlwww.stevens.edu/ciese/curriculum/temppr oj3/en/index.shtml What patterns did you see? As you go north, what happens to: (a) the average minutes of sunlight and (b) the average temperature?

25. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education Spring 2005 Example

26. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education Spring 2005

27. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education Fall 2005

28. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education Revise your model Draw & explain what you think causes the seasons in the U.S. What is your evidence or how do you know that? What is different with your model before and after? What did you add, delete, or change?

29. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education Quiz 1.If it is summer in United States, what season is it in Australia? A. Spring B. Summer C. Autumn D. Winter

30. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education Quiz 2. We have summer in the U.S. because… A.The whole Earth is closer to the Sun than in winter making it warmer. B.The U.S. is closer to the Sun than in winter because of the Earth’s tilt, so the temperature rises. C.The part of the Earth where the U.S. is located is tilted towards the Sun. This means that the Sun’s rays are more focused on the U.S. This cause the temperature to rise.

31. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education Quiz 3. It is winter in the U.S. because… A.The Sun shines on us for a shorter time in winter than summer so we get less heat. B.The Sun’s rays reach us at an angle, “spreding-out” the heat over a larger part of the Earth. C.Both A and B D.None of the above

32. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education Analysis of Models: Building Analogies

34. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education Analysis of Student’s Models

35. Copyright © 2007 Stevens Institute of Technology Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education