1. 10/4 Objectives and Warm Up SWBAT identify conditions that lured people westward. SWBAT compare different westward settlers and where they came from. 1.What difficulties would you face if you were leaving Fairview and moving to a new region of the US? 2.Why might you want to move? 3.What factors of the Industrial Revolution might make westward expansion easier or more attractive?

2. Westward Migration Why move west? Feed the “American Spirit” 1.Adventure 2.Economic opportunity 3.Profit and conquest 4.Manifest Destiny 5.White Mans Burden

3. Push-pull factors – events and conditions that either force (push) people to move elsewhere or strongly attract (pull) them to do so

4. Push Factors 1.Post Civil War conditions a.Displacement of people b.Farmland to costly, especially for immigrants and blacks

5. Push Factors 2.Second chance for failed entrepreneurs 3.Ethnic and religious freedom 4.Open spaces sheltered outlaws

6. Pull Factors 1.Government Incentives A. Pacific Railway Acts of 1862 & 1864 a.Large grants to the Union Pacific & Central Pacific railroads b.Railroads sold land to arriving settlers for huge profit

7. Pull Factors B.Morrill Land-Grant Act 1862 a.Millions of acres of land given to states governments to sell for the creation of “land grant” colleges. (agriculture and mechanical arts) b.Most sold to bankers and land speculators

8. Pull Factors C.Homestead Act 1862 a. 160 acres (1/4 mile) given to settlers who met the following conditions: 1. At least 21 years old or head of family 2. An American citizen or immigrant filing for citizenship 3. Built a house on land at least 12’ X 14’ and lived in it for 6 month to a year 4. Had to farm land for 5 years in a row

9. b. Homestead Act creates more than 372,000 farms. By 1900 600,000 settlers had filed claims for more than 80 mill. acres 2.Private Property 1. Legal ownership of land attracted many

10. 3.Settlers from far and wide came a.German immigrants seeking to farm b.Lutherans from Scandinavia seeking dairy farming c.Irish, Italian, European Jews, Chinese took jobs mining, railroad construction d.Mexican contributed to the growth of ranching e.African Americans fleeing the oppression of the south following Reconstruction – Exodusters (50,000) f.Problem…The west was already occupied- by Native Americans!