1. The Radical Republicans Champions of Civil Rights

2. Focus Question In a short reply of one to three sentences, respond to the following prompt:  How would you define “radical”?

3. Radical Republicans  Militant abolitionists  Fought for civil equality  Fought Democrats  Fought conservative Republicans  Wanted to punish the South

4. Pushed for Equal Rights  Thirteenth Amendment  Sponsored the Freedman’s Bureau  Fought Southern Black Codes  Civil Rights Act of 1866  Fourteenth Amendment  Saw Racial Justice as vital for American Liberty

5. High Point  Impeachment of Andrew Johnson  Highly unpopular President  Vetoes stung Moderate and Radical Republicans

6. Showdown  The 1866 elections saw a massive Republican landslide  Veto-proof majorities in the House and Senate.  Congress dominated by Radical Republicans  Radicals began to put pressure to remove Johnson  Passed the Tenure of Office Act over his veto Required Senate approval for a President to fire a cabinet member Violation of this Act declared a felony

7. Impeachment of Andrew Johnson (1868)  Johnson fired the Secretary of War Edwin Stanton  The House immediately impeached Johnson  Senate conducted impeachment trial  Vote came down 35-19 in favor of removal

8. Overreach  The Impeachment seemed an overreach  Johnson left with presidency, but little pull  Radical leaders exhausted, lost authority  Grant elected President in 1868

9. Summary In a short reply of one to two sentences, respond to the following prompt:  Explain what you would describe as the most important thing learned in class today to an absent classmate.