1. National Policy and Legal Frameworks to Curb Illegal Wildlife Trade Jorge Eduardo Rios Coordinator, UNODC Anti-Wildlife and Forest Crime Programme ADB Symposium on Combating Wildlife Crime 11 March 2013
I’ve been asked to talk about loopholes in the legal frameworks. 1

2. Key elements of policy and legal framework for wildlife protection
Introduction:
Violations of wildlife laws/regulations  criminal, civil or administrative sanctions
Treaties and agreements principally on environmental protection
International and domestic treaty frameworks
CITES
United Nations Convention Against Transitional Organized Crime (UNTOC)
United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC)
Bi-lateral agreements, national laws etc.

3. Key elements of policy and legal framework for wildlife protection
The loopholes:
Great discrepancies within national wildlife, forestry, criminal and other laws
Many countries do not criminalize illegal trade
No provision for corruption and money-laundering
No clear definition of illegal activities
Inadequate sanctions (low risk/high value offence)

4. Wildlife and Forest Crime Analytic Toolkit
Technical resource for Member States to undertake a national analysis:
Understand main issues related to wildlife and forest offences
Analyse strength and weakness of preventive and criminal justice responses
Identify need for technical assistance and capacity building
Design work plan for technical assistance and capacity building

5. Wildlife and Forest Crime Analytic Toolkit
Legislation
Enforcement
Judiciary & Prosecution
Drivers & Prevention
Data & Analysis
STAR STAR STAR STAR

6. Wildlife and Forest Crime Analytic Toolkit
Piloting and implementation of the Toolkit
Pilot studies in selected countries (Peru, Bangladesh)
Government-led, supported by ICCWC
Transparent and confidential reporting of results
Work plan for capacity building and technical assistance

7. Wildlife and Forest Crime Analytic Toolkit
International Consortium on Combating Wildlife Crime