1. SIGNAL PHRASES EMBEDDING QUOTATIONS

2. WHAT IS A SIGNAL PHRASE? Click here

3. WHY USE SIGNAL PHRASES? Signal phrases allow readers to understand HOW the quotes you use are relevant/related to what you are saying. introduce source material indicate where source material comes from. EX: According to John Krakauer, many people felt that Chris McCandless “was a kook” for attempting to live in the wild of Alaska (71).

4. WHY USE SIGNAL PHRASES? Signal phrases allow readers to understand HOW the quotes you use are relevant/related to what you are saying. introduce source material indicate where source material comes from. EX: According to John Krakauer, many people felt that Chris McCandless “was a kook” for attempting to live in the wild of Alaska (71).

5. Acknowledges Adds Admits Affirms Agrees Alludes Analyzes Argues Asserts Confirms Connects Considers Contends Contradicts Contrasts Creates Declares Defines Demonstrates Describes Discusses Discovers Disputes Documents Emphasizes Establishes Explains Expresses Finds Focuses on Highlights Hypothesizes Illuminates Illustrates Implies Indicates Informs Insists Introduces Maintains Means Notes Notices Observes Offers Points out Prepares Presents Proves Questions Recognizes Recommends Recounts Refers Reflects Reiterates Rejects Relates Remarks Replies Reports Responds Reveals Says Sees Shows Signals States Suggests Supports Theorizes Thinks Writes Verifies SIGNAL PHRASES FOR EMBEDDED QUOTES

6. FROM YOUR ESSAYS… NO SIGNAL PHRASE: In addition, in the story Anthem by Ayn Rand, Equality develops feelings for Liberty. There are laws “men are forbidden to take notice of women and women are forbidden to take notice of men,” to eliminate personal feelings or emotions in their world (Rand 37). REVISED TO USE A SIGNAL PHRASE In addition, in the story Anthem by Ayn Rand, Equality develops feelings for Liberty. There are laws that state “men are forbidden to take notice of women and women are forbidden to take notice of men,” to eliminate personal feelings or emotions in their world (Rand 37).

7. FROM YOUR ESSAYS… NO SIGNAL PHRASE: There are restrictions on Equality and others in the society, “It is a sin to write this. It is a sin to think words no others think and to put them down upon paper no others are to see” (Rand 11). REVISED TO USE A SIGNAL PHRASE “It is a sin to write this. It is a sin to think words no others think and to put them down upon paper no others are to see” demonstrates exact restrictions that Equality and others in his society have (Rand 11).

8. FROM YOUR ESSAYS… NO SIGNAL PHRASE: Every night before bed Equality was forced to say a pledge to his society to show what was important “We are nothing mankind is all” (Rand 16). REVISED TO USE A SIGNAL PHRASE Every night before bed Equality was forced to say a pledge to his society: “We are Nothing Mankind is all” emphasizing the importance of the collective (Rand 16).

9. PRACTICE Use the following quotations from Into the Wild. Use the page #s provided to look up the context/speaker, and then, using a signal phrase and embedded quote, write a sentence that demonstrates who is speaking and what the circumstances are while supporting the argument that Chris was transcendental in nature. Ex: “He was very to himself. He wasn’t antisocial-he always had friends and everybody liked him—but he could go off and entertain himself for hours.” (p. 107) YOUR RESPONSE: In explaining Chris, his sister Carine points out that “he was very to himself. He wasn’t antisocial-he always had friends and everybody liked him—but he could go off and entertain himself for hours” like Emerson did at Walden Pond (107).

10. PRACTICE Use the following quotations from Into the Wild. Use the page #s provided to look up the context/speaker, and then, using a signal phrase and embedded quote, write a sentence that demonstrates who is speaking and what the circumstances are while supporting the argument that Chris was transcendental in nature. 1.“As for me, I’ve decided that I’m going to live this life for some time to come. The freedom and simple beauty of it is just too good to pass up” (33). 2.“Chris would comply with the rule, but as soon as his shift was over, bang! –the first thing he’d do is peel those socks off… Kind of like a statement, to let us know we didn’t own him, I guess” (40). 3.“So many people live within unhappy circumstances and yet will not take the iniative to change their situation because they are conditioned to a life of security, conformity, and conservatism…” ( 57) 4.“He didn’t think the odds applied to him, We were always trying to pull him back from the edge. (109). 5.“He did his lab reports, but not in the correct format, so the teacher gave him an F” (109).