1. Psychological Disorders Personality Disorders

2.  Inflexible and enduring patterns of behavior that impair one’s social functioning

3. Cluster A: Eccentric behavior  Schizoid personality disorder detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings  Schizotypal personality disorder marked by acute discomfort with, and reduced capacity for, close relationships as well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior  Paranoid personality disorder distrust and suspiciousness of others such that their motives are interpreted as malevolent

4. Cluster B: Dramatic or Impulsive  histrionic personality disorder shallow, attention-getting emotions and goes to great lengths to gain others’ praise and reassurance  narcissistic personality disorder exaggerate their own importance, aided by success fantasies  borderline personality disorder unstable identity, unstable relationships, and unstable emotions

5. Cluster C: Anxiety  Avoidant personality disorder social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation  Dependent personality disorder excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and clinging behavior and fears of separation  Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control, at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency

6. Antisocial Personality Disorder  Formerly called a sociopath or a psychopath  Typically male whose lack of conscience becomes evident before age 15  “feel little and fear little”  Express little regret over violating others’ rights  Impulsive, uninhibited, low in anxiety  A fearless approach to life

7. Antisocial Personality Disorder  Behaviors in childhood lying, stealing, fighting  Behaviors in adulthood unable to keep a job irresponsible spouse and parent assaultive or otherwise criminal when combined with a sharp intellect the result may be a con artist

8. Antisocial Personality Disorders  Biological and Psychological origins Linked to lower levels of stress arousal tendency to be unconcerned with social rewards lacking a sense of social responsibility reduced activity in frontal lobe

9. Somatoform Disorders  Distressing symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical causes Conversion disorder Hypochodriasis

10. Dissociative Disorders  Disorder of consciousness in which a person appears to experience a sudden loss of memory or change in identity, often in response to an overwhelmingly stressful situation Amnesia Fugue Dissociative Identity Disorder

11. Mood Disorders  Disorders characterized by emotional extremes Major depressive disorder – prolonged hopelessness and lethargy Bi-polar disorder – alternating between depression and mania, an overexcited, hperactive state.

12. Schizophrenia  A split from reality that shows itself in disorganized thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions.