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Published byTimothy Lambert Modified over 9 years ago
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Succession Notes
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Succession The change in biological communities of an area over a long period of time
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Two Types of Succession: Primary Initial establishment & development of a community occurs on barren rock volcanic eruption, glacial retreat, pavement Secondary Reestablishment of a community remnants of previous community is still there abandoned field, after fire, flood, or hurricane
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Primary Succession:
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Secondary Succession:
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Stages of Succession: Bare Rock –No soil, no available nutrients, no active life……not a community
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Stages of Succession: Lichens & Mosses –Pioneer Species First to colonize rocks secrete acid onto rock which liberates nutrients that can be absorbed catches wind-blown dirt can take 100s to 1000s of years very vulnerable to erosion least diverse and least stable
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Stages of Succession: Grasses & Shrubs –Early Succession Plants don’t need deep soil like full sun shrubs move in and shade out grasses, killing them
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Stages of Succession: Softwood –Mid-succession Plants trees that need a lot of sunlight Cedar, pine
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Stages of Succession: Mixed Hardwood Mature Forest –deciduous trees; oaks, maples, hickories, beech –saplings are shade-tolerant for the first few years –when an adult tree dies it leaves a hole in the canopy –saplings race to the top, grow tall quickly-not wide then grow slowly –Most Diverse, least likely to erode, very productive –Dominant species is reproducing, therefore climax stage
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Questions 1.What is the difference between primary and secondary succession? 2.What types of events can cause secondary succession? 3.What are some abiotic and biotic factors that play a part in succession? 4.How can humans cause succession?
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