1. 15.599 The Future of Work and Collaborative Innovation Networks 7. Knowledge Flow Optimization 3/5/2005 Peter Gloor pgloor@mit.edu

2. Aligning process and organization by knowledge flow

3. 1.Visualize Knowledge Flow 2.Find COINs 3.Redesign & Optimize 4.Monitor Knowledge Flow Optimization (KFO)

4. 1. Visualize Knowledge Flow Convert Outlook to Eudora (converter.exe) Spider online mailinglists (online.jar) Collect Weblogs Load Excel spreadsheets (Fileloader.jar) Load *.mbx files (TeCFlow.jar)

5. TeCFlow Tips Get files TeCFlow.bat, TeCFlow.jar, fr.dll into same folder in Windows Log into MySQL database (using new name creates new database) If not enough access rights in MySQL: From a command window call “mysql” and enter: grant all on *.* to ""@localhost Can parse single*.mbx files and entire directories Can parse with/without subject line, contents Use MySQL Control Center tool MySQLCC to inspect, change database tables

6. TeCFlow database structure

7. TeCFlow Scalability 500-1000 actors 2000-10000 messages (links,ties) Four ways of scaling down: 1.“Want to set time constraints” (uses less memory) 2.Merge addresses (uses less memory) 3.Reduce communication frequency 4.Run without history Reducing number of actors saves most memory

8. Delete mailing list addresses

9. Edges per keyframe

10. 2. Discover COINs with history without history

11. Discover COIN/CLN/CIN

12. Find COIN Benchmarks Financial results Ask experts for rating Use speed of innovation diffusion, innovation acceptance, SNA measures

13. 3. Redesign & Optimize (1) Establish Swarm Creativity – Give up central control! (2) Fill the critical roles of innovator, communicator, and collaborator! (3) Establish distributed trust! (4) Establish a common code of ethics! (5) Establish a small world structure of high connectivity, interactivity, and knowledge sharing! (6) Set up a Collaborative Web Workplace! (7) Know when to change the organizational structure!

14. 3.1 Establish Swarm Creativity – Give up central control Find structural holes Find gatekeepers Find centers (influentials) Create “democratic structure” of generally high betwenness “Creative chaos” (changes in GBC) compared to “high-performance continuity”

15. 3.2 Fill the roles of innovator, communicator, collaborator Contribution index plot identifies Coordinators Creators/Innovators Communicators/Ambassadors Collaborators/Knowledge Experts Dynamic view movie identifies centers/gatekeepers etc. and shortages

16. 3.3 Establish distributed trust Identify “hubs” for each subteam Re-enforce “hubs” if needed Search for “creative chaos” oscillating GBC Recommend supporting trust-building steps if needed: Connect hubs of “trust” Initiate f2f interaction

17. 3.4 Establish a common code of ethics Meritocracy (identify coordinator, creator, communicator, collaborator) Transparency (through TeCFLow) Knowledge Sharing (contribution index) Consistency - establish shared goals Respect for individual Reward system (Heisenberg & Hawthorne effect)

18. 3.5 Establish a small world structure Find structural holes Find gatekeepers Find centers (influentials) Create “democratic structure” of generally high betwenness “Creative chaos” (changes in GBC) compared to “high-performance continuity”

19. 3.6 Set up a Collaborative Web Workplace highly personalized globally accessible collaborative workspace personal community high (m-m) small (1-1) Degree of Interactivity Degree of Sharing e-mail chat Degree of Connectivity bulletin board mailing listWebcast virtual meeting (Webconference) low (1-m)

20. 3.7 Know when to change organizational structure Emphasis on “creativity” or “performance” Emphasis on “self-organizing” or “hierarchical” Rewarding “swarm creativity” (measure it first)

21. KFO Application Areas Research and Development/New Product Development –Spot innovations Sales Force –Communication sales rep - customer Project Management –Knowledge flow in project Mergers & acquisitions –Link hubs of trust

22. Privacy is a primary concern Buy-in of study population crucial Identity of individuals has to be protected –Replace names by identifiers –Results only reported in anonymous form Proper measures to safeguard data –Only anonymized data goes outside of company –Content is encrypted Open & honest communication with users –Share results with study population