1. Reinventing Africa & Remixing Hybridity Blocos Afro in Bahia Mangue Beat in Pernambuco Blocos Afro in Bahia Mangue Beat in Pernambuco

2. Blocos Afro in Bahia Reinventing Africa and Black Identity Reinventing Africa and Black Identity Ilê Aiyê 1970s Ilê Aiyê 1970s Olodum 1980s Olodum 1980s Axé Music 1990s Axé Music 1990s Reinventing Africa and Black Identity Reinventing Africa and Black Identity Ilê Aiyê 1970s Ilê Aiyê 1970s Olodum 1980s Olodum 1980s Axé Music 1990s Axé Music 1990s

3. Reinventing Africa and Black Identity From Bloco de Índio to Bloco Afro From Bloco de Índio to Bloco Afro Civil Rights and the Black Atlantic Civil Rights and the Black Atlantic Contesting Brazils Racial Democracy Contesting Brazils Racial Democracy From Bloco de Índio to Bloco Afro From Bloco de Índio to Bloco Afro Civil Rights and the Black Atlantic Civil Rights and the Black Atlantic Contesting Brazils Racial Democracy Contesting Brazils Racial Democracy

4. Ilê Aiyê (House of Life) Formed 1974 Formed 1974 Black Power/Black Consciousness Black Power/Black Consciousness Carnival for the black community Carnival for the black community Formed 1974 Formed 1974 Black Power/Black Consciousness Black Power/Black Consciousness Carnival for the black community Carnival for the black community

5. Que Bloco É Esse ? YouTube What bloco is that? Id like to know. Its the black world That we come to sing for you Were crazy blacks Were really all right We have kinky hair We are black power White man, if you only knew The value of the black man Youd take a bath of tar So black you would be too Ill not teach you my trickery Nor even my philosophy Light to the blind man Is the cane of Saint Lucy What bloco is that? Id like to know. Its the black world That we come to sing for you Were crazy blacks Were really all right We have kinky hair We are black power White man, if you only knew The value of the black man Youd take a bath of tar So black you would be too Ill not teach you my trickery Nor even my philosophy Light to the blind man Is the cane of Saint Lucy Sung during Carnival in 1975 Sung during Carnival in 1975

6. Ilê Aiyês Afro Sound Voices and Percussion Voices and Percussion Slowed-down samba mixed with ijexá Slowed-down samba mixed with ijexá Heavy on the low surdo drums Heavy on the low surdo drums Participatory style developed in community rehearsals Participatory style developed in community rehearsals Voices and Percussion Voices and Percussion Slowed-down samba mixed with ijexá Slowed-down samba mixed with ijexá Heavy on the low surdo drums Heavy on the low surdo drums Participatory style developed in community rehearsals Participatory style developed in community rehearsals

7. Olodum and Samba- Reggae Anti-racism and social justice Neguinho do Samba and samba- reggae Neguinho do Samba and samba- reggae Anti-racism and social justice Neguinho do Samba and samba- reggae Neguinho do Samba and samba- reggae

8. Olodums Anti-Racism Bob Marley More than a singer, a militant! Bob Marley More than a singer, a militant! Olodum against racism

9. Neguinho do Samba Olodums lead drummer and head of percussion, 1980s Olodums lead drummer and head of percussion, 1980s Mixed Caribbean rhythms into samba to create samba-reggae Mixed Caribbean rhythms into samba to create samba-reggae Olodums lead drummer and head of percussion, 1980s Olodums lead drummer and head of percussion, 1980s Mixed Caribbean rhythms into samba to create samba-reggae Mixed Caribbean rhythms into samba to create samba-reggae YouTube

10. Faraó, Divindade do Egito Tutankamon, Akahenaton Pelourinho, a small community United by Olodum in the bonds of fraternity Awaken yourself to Egyptian culture in Brazil Instead of braided hair We will see the turbans of Tutankamon And liberty will fill our heads The black community asks for equality Leaving separatism behind Tutankamon, Akahenaton Pelourinho, a small community United by Olodum in the bonds of fraternity Awaken yourself to Egyptian culture in Brazil Instead of braided hair We will see the turbans of Tutankamon And liberty will fill our heads The black community asks for equality Leaving separatism behind (By Luciano Gomes dos Santos)

11. Axé Music Blocos afro and Bahian popular music Blocos afro and Bahian popular music Olodum and Paul Simon Olodum and Paul Simon Daniela Mercury Daniela Mercury Blocos afro and Bahian popular music Blocos afro and Bahian popular music Olodum and Paul Simon Olodum and Paul Simon Daniela Mercury Daniela Mercury

12. The Obvious Child Paul Simon travels to Bahia in 1988 and hears Olodums drummers Paul Simon travels to Bahia in 1988 and hears Olodums drummers Rhythm of the Saints (1990) Rhythm of the Saints (1990) Paul Simon travels to Bahia in 1988 and hears Olodums drummers Paul Simon travels to Bahia in 1988 and hears Olodums drummers Rhythm of the Saints (1990) Rhythm of the Saints (1990) YouTube (By Paul Simon)

13. O Canto da Cidade The song of the city I am the color of this city The song of this city is mine I am the color of this city The song of this city is mine YouTube (By Daniela Mercury, Tote Gira) 1992 1992

14. Mangue Beat in Pernambuco Remixing hybridity: fusion of the northeast and global sounds Remixing hybridity: fusion of the northeast and global sounds Chico Science & Nação Zumbi Chico Science & Nação Zumbi Mestre Ambrósio Mestre Ambrósio Remixing hybridity: fusion of the northeast and global sounds Remixing hybridity: fusion of the northeast and global sounds Chico Science & Nação Zumbi Chico Science & Nação Zumbi Mestre Ambrósio Mestre Ambrósio

15. Remixing Hybridity Mangue Manifesto: Linking ecology to economic and cultural reality in Recife Mangue Manifesto: Linking ecology to economic and cultural reality in Recife Revival of cultural heritage Revival of cultural heritage Black cultural awareness and the Maracatu Black cultural awareness and the Maracatu Mangue Manifesto: Linking ecology to economic and cultural reality in Recife Mangue Manifesto: Linking ecology to economic and cultural reality in Recife Revival of cultural heritage Revival of cultural heritage Black cultural awareness and the Maracatu Black cultural awareness and the Maracatu

16. Chico Science & Nação Zumbi 1990-93 Lamento Negro to Nação Zumbi 1990-93 Lamento Negro to Nação Zumbi Da Lama ao Caos (1994) Da Lama ao Caos (1994) Afrociberdelia (1996) Afrociberdelia (1996) Chico dies (1997) Chico dies (1997) 1990-93 Lamento Negro to Nação Zumbi 1990-93 Lamento Negro to Nação Zumbi Da Lama ao Caos (1994) Da Lama ao Caos (1994) Afrociberdelia (1996) Afrociberdelia (1996) Chico dies (1997) Chico dies (1997)

17. Alfaia Drums Maracatu drum Maracatu drum Recife identity Recife identity Acoustic power (weight) Acoustic power (weight) Maracatu drum Maracatu drum Recife identity Recife identity Acoustic power (weight) Acoustic power (weight)

18. Maracatu Atômico (by Nelson Jacobina and George Mautner) YouTube1YouTube2

19. Mestre Ambrósio Leader Siba studied and researched rabeca with cavalo marinho musicians in Pernambuco Leader Siba studied and researched rabeca with cavalo marinho musicians in Pernambuco Filtered out the foreign/highlighted the local Filtered out the foreign/highlighted the local Leader Siba studied and researched rabeca with cavalo marinho musicians in Pernambuco Leader Siba studied and researched rabeca with cavalo marinho musicians in Pernambuco Filtered out the foreign/highlighted the local Filtered out the foreign/highlighted the local YouTube

20. So I went to a forró at the foot of a hill In this land, never have I ever seen something like that So I went to a forró at the foot of a hill How hot it was, a sensational baiano An old rabeca of pine from the grove Spread the baiano over the room The pandeiro shook the secret scene I saw a cloud of dust rise from the floor Today I play forró in the city In the midst of confusion going the wrong way I went to the woods and returned to the city From a caboclo I discovered my situation Rabeca come and dont abandon me Zabumba, shake the earth, devour the ground When time is gone Transform the city into the country So I went to a forró at the foot of a hill In this land, never have I ever seen something like that So I went to a forró at the foot of a hill How hot it was, a sensational baiano An old rabeca of pine from the grove Spread the baiano over the room The pandeiro shook the secret scene I saw a cloud of dust rise from the floor Today I play forró in the city In the midst of confusion going the wrong way I went to the woods and returned to the city From a caboclo I discovered my situation Rabeca come and dont abandon me Zabumba, shake the earth, devour the ground When time is gone Transform the city into the country Forró Pé-de-Calçada YouTube Forró at the Foot of the Sidewalk (By Sérgio Siba Veloso)