1. Periodic Table Trends Physical Science 2015

2. Periodic Trends The periodic table is broken up into 3 categories: The periodic table is broken up into 3 categories: –Metals –Nonmetals –Metalloids

3. B=Metals, P=Metalloids, Y=Nonmetal

4. Metals Elements that are: Elements that are: –Shiny –Opaque –Good conductors of electricity and heat –Malleable

5. Nonmetals Elements that are: Elements that are: –Poor conductors of electricity and heat –May be transparent –Brittle –Can be solid, liquid, or gas

6. Metalloids Has characteristics similar to both metals and nonmetals Has characteristics similar to both metals and nonmetals Consists of 6 elements: Consists of 6 elements: –Boron, Germanium, Arsenic, Tin, Antimony, and Silicon

7. Trends Periodic trend = a gradual change in elemental properties Periodic trend = a gradual change in elemental properties Periodicity = a trend that repeats Periodicity = a trend that repeats

8. Trends Atomic size decreases from left to right Atomic size decreases from left to right Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium KCaSc Ti

9. Orange Yellow Dark Green Gray Light Green Purple Pink Light Blue Brown White Dark Blue

10. Label your table Group 1: Alkali Metals Group 1: Alkali Metals Group 2: Alkaline-Earth Metals Group 2: Alkaline-Earth Metals Group 3-12: Transition Metals Group 3-12: Transition Metals

11. Label your table Group 16: Chalogens Group 16: Chalogens Group 17: Halogens Group 17: Halogens Group 18: Noble Gases Group 18: Noble Gases Extra rows: Inner Transition Metals Extra rows: Inner Transition Metals

12. Alkali Metals Makes an alkaline solution when mixed with water Makes an alkaline solution when mixed with water Known to be used to make soaps Known to be used to make soaps Ex: Sodium

13. Alkaline-Earth Metals Makes an alkaline solution when mixed with water Makes an alkaline solution when mixed with water Elements are fire resistant Elements are fire resistant Ex: Beryllium

14. Transition Metals Harder than alkali metals Harder than alkali metals Less reactive with water Less reactive with water Ex: Zinc Ex: Iron

15. Chalogens “ore-forming” in Greek “ore-forming” in Greek Commonly found in ores Commonly found in ores Ex: Sulfur ore

16. Halogens “salt-forming” in Greek “salt-forming” in Greek Known to form salts Known to form salts Found in halogen lamps Found in halogen lamps Ex: Bromine

17. Noble Gases All unreactive gases All unreactive gases Doesn’t like to combine with other elements Doesn’t like to combine with other elements Ex: Helium

18. Inner Transition Metals Lanthanides Lanthanides –Difficult to purify –Used in LED’s Actinides Actinides –No easy to purify –Mostly made in a laboratory Ex: Uranium