1. Slide title In CAPITALS 50 pt Slide subtitle 32 pt Cost Control in Service Composition Environments NGMAST 2008 Jörg Niemöller, Raphaël Quinet, Roman Levenshteyn and Ioannis Fikouras Ericsson Corporate Research

2. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt NGMAST'08Cost Control in Service Composition Environments2008-09-152 Content  Service Composition  Analysis of Business Relations  Usage based price prediction  Example

3. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt NGMAST'08Cost Control in Service Composition Environments2008-09-153 Dynamic composition at run-time  Service Composition –Decoupling of application logic and enabling functionality –Reduces design complexity by taking decisions at run-time –Enables event-driven logic –Enables automated re-use of services and application logic

4. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt NGMAST'08Cost Control in Service Composition Environments2008-09-154 IMS Service Composition A use case for model based service composition  3GPP proposes a SCIM (Service Capabilities Interaction Manager) as layer within the SIP application server for flexible application routing  Model based service composition is our proposal for implementing a SCIM HSS P-CSCFI-CSCF S-CSCF Application Server CEASIP Application Server WSCEAWS Application Server HTTPCEAHTTP Applications Control Plane Multi-Service Composition Engine Service Database

5. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt NGMAST'08Cost Control in Service Composition Environments2008-09-155 Composite Services  The composition environment implements an inference engine  Service Skeletons steer the inference engine  Composite services are deigned in terms of constraints for service selection  Service Skeletons are a graphical representation of constraints  Constraints define conditions for the selection of services based on the service model –Constraints result in queries to the service database –Which particular service is selected depends only on the data in the database. –Services implemented with different technologies are equal as long as they match the constraints  High abstraction level in composite service design supports re-use of components start_call_nearest_friend Skeleton: start_call_closest_friend IsInvite $(sip_request.method)=‘INVITE’ TRU E getMyPosition Constraints: (Function=‘positioning’) Parameters: SUBSCRIBER:’sip:’+$(sip_request.from.user_at_host) get_nearest_friend get_nearest_friend@this end2 ChangeCallSetup Constraints: (srv=CallSetup) Parameters: DESTINATION:NearestFriend LeaveContainer Constraints: (srv=LeaveContainer) end1 FALSE Save Data caller_position=$(ws_response) GetService Service Template Processing Composition Skeleton User Request Constraint Satisfaction Service Invocation & Service DB

6. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt NGMAST'08Cost Control in Service Composition Environments2008-09-156 Parties and Business Relations Service Provider Service User Network Operator Is a subscriber in the operator’s network Gets telecommunication services from the operator Pays the operator for services Provides own and 3 rd party telecommunication services to the subscribers Marketing for services Charges and bills for service usage Marketing for services Special subscription to services Provides a platform for 3 rd party service offers towards his subscribers Calls the 3 rd party service Pays out the fees for service usage Publishes his service on the operator’s network Is paid for service usage Charging Billing Accounting Distibution

7. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt NGMAST'08Cost Control in Service Composition Environments2008-09-157 Service Usage and Billing Relations  Decoupled income and spending for the composite service operator

8. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt NGMAST'08Cost Control in Service Composition Environments2008-09-158 Charging Aware Service Selection  Allows service selection criteria (constraints) based on the service price (e.g. max price limit, select cheapest service, …)  Service Price Information (or link to it) added to service description. Price tag attached to service.  Service prices in general depend on service usage details (duration, data volume, number of invocations, …)  The price can in general not be calculated in advance.  Constraint evaluation does not yet support service selection logic that needs additional functions (price calculation)

9. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt NGMAST'08Cost Control in Service Composition Environments2008-09-159 Service Usage Profiles  Express the expected or average service usage per service type  Example: voice: 18:00-20:00 10min, else 5min Between 18:00 and 20:00 each voice call of this user is expected to be 10 minutes long otherwise a duration of 5 minutes is expected.  User or user group specific, linked from the user profile  Can be derived for example from usage statistics User Profiles User 001 Usage Profiles: Service TypeUsage Profile voipUPv001 tvUPtv003 User Category: Voice.Platinum … Service Usage Profiles UPv001, service type: voice 08:00 – 18:00 -> 20min 18:00 – 22:00 -> 5min else -> 10min UPtv003, service type: tv 18:00 – 22:00 -> 20min, 4MB else -> 10min

10. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt NGMAST'08Cost Control in Service Composition Environments2008-09-1510 Service Price Prediction Charging System Aided  Price calculation function introduced at service selection  Price Information from the Charging System –Charging system is the reference regarding service prices. –Applies same logic in price predictions as in “real” charging –Considers temporary special conditions like promotions  New function in the Charging System  New Interface for price calculation requests –Extension of Diameter CCA or new Diameter application protocol Charging System Tariffs and Charging Models Service, User, Usage Profile, … Expected Price Service Selection User Database Service Usage Profiles Service Database Ask Charging System!

11. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt NGMAST'08Cost Control in Service Composition Environments2008-09-1511 Service Price Prediction Local Charging Model Definition  Local Definition of charging models –Extensive definition using tree of linked tables –Simple formula for calculation of an estimate price  Evaluated at service selection  Link to price information is attached to the service description Price = t*0.2[EUR] DAY of week Sat,Sun other flat 0.2 EUR/min UserSubscription Platinum Gold other flat Service Database DAY of week Sat,Sun other 0.1 EUR/min Time 08:00 – 18:00 other 0.4 EUR/min 18:00 – 22:000.2 EUR/min 0.1 EUR/min

12. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt NGMAST'08Cost Control in Service Composition Environments2008-09-1512 Charging Aware Service Selection User Profiles Service Usage Profiles GetService Service Template Processing Composition Skeleton User Request Constraint Satisfaction Service Invocation Price Prediction & Condition Evaluation $? Service Database $? (x$ < y$) ? Charging System Tariffs and Charging Models Service Database t*0.1$

13. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt NGMAST'08Cost Control in Service Composition Environments2008-09-1513 Example: Family Chat FamilyChat GetCallerPosition constraints: (function=Positioning)&(price<=0.1 EUR) &(price=min) parameters: SUBSCRIBER: ‘sip:’+$(sip_request.from.user_at_host) return value:caller_pos GetFamilyList constraints:(srv=FamilyList) parameters: SUBSCRIBER: ‘sip:’+$(sip_request.from.user_at_host) return values:contact_list END IsInvite $(sip_request_method) = ‘INVITE’ StartChat constraints:(function=Chat)&(price is min) parameters: CONTACT: $(found_contact) YesNo END GetNearestContact constraints:(srv=GetNearestContact) parameters: CONTACT_LIST: $(contact_list) REFERENCE_POSITION: $(caller_pos) return value:found_contact ReplyError constraints:(srv=ErrorSender) parameters: ERROR: ‘no contact found’ ContactFound $(found_contact) = ‘ ’ YesNo END 0.5 EUR per invocation + 1 EUR per h PosA: 0.05 EUR per invocation price tag stored in Service DB PosB:0.2 EUR between 08:00 and 20:00 free between 20:00 and 08:00 Pricing defined by script in service DB ChatC: 0.01 EUR per chat message free in case of promotion Ask charging system ChatD:0.5 EUR per h + 0.01 EUR for 10 Messages Ask charging system Expected usage: 1h + 100 messages 4 family members registered Actual usage: 2h + 200 messages Income: 2.5 EUR Spendings min/max: 1.20 EUR / 3 EUR Selected according to usage prediceion at 10am: PosA (0.25 EUR), ChatD (1.20 EUR)

14. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt NGMAST'08Cost Control in Service Composition Environments2008-09-1514 Conclusion and Outlook  Predicted prices are not most accurate, but they allow a relative comparison of services.  Further work could investigate algorithms that lead to accurate usage profiles.  Besides the price other dynamic of “soft” selection parameters could be considered, e.g. service quality.

15. Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example. Slide title 40 pt Slide subtitle 24 pt Text 24 pt Bullets level 2-5 20 pt NGMAST'08Cost Control in Service Composition Environments2008-09-1515