1. The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research A partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology Radar fire observations and nowcasting Alan Seed Weather & Environmental Prediction

2. The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research A partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology What does the radar see? D is the diameter of the target ash particle λ is the radar wavelength K depends on the surface property of the ash Radar cross section Radar reflectivity is the sum of the returned power from all the ash particles that are illuminated in the radar beam Returned power depends on the 6 th power of the particle diameter Will only see the larger ash particles and not the smoke Have no idea how the ash particle size distribution varies with the intensity of the fire or with the nature of the fuel Shorter wavelength eg 3 cm (X-Band) would be ideal for this application

3. The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research A partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology Loop from the radar at Yarrawonga

4. The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research A partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology Loop from Melbourne

5. The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research A partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology Vertical profiles of radar reflectivity

6. The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research A partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology Vertical profiles of radar reflectivity

7. The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research A partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology Vertical profiles of radar reflectivity

8. The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research A partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology Severe fires have a higher vertical profile

9. The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research A partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology Echo top height

10. The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research A partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology Integrate the reflectivity in the vertical

11. The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research A partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology Doppler Winds

12. The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research A partnership between CSIRO and the Bureau of Meteorology Conclusions Modern weather radars can see severe fires over long distances Radar reflectivity, echo top height, vertical profile probably can be used to determine the location and relative intensity of a severe fire Doppler wind information can be used to provide wind fields in the fire area Better information could be provided by purpose built X-Band weather radars that are located at strategic locations closer to the fire area Could also be possible to use a mobile weather radar and deploy it to pre-determined locations as the need arises Worth investigating the possibility of using methods that have been developed to track storms to predict the location of fires