1. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/478r0 Submission November, 2003 Hiroyo Ogawa, CRL Slide 1 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Low-Cost Millimeter-Wave Self-Heterodyne Technique and Its Application] Date Submitted: [November 11, 2003] Source: [Yozo Shoji, Kiyoshi Hamaguchi, and Hiroyo Ogawa] Company [Communications Research Laboratory, Incorporated Administrative Agency] Address [3-4, Hikarino-Oka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 234-0051, Japan] Voice:[+81.46.847.5075], FAX: [+81.46.847.5079], E-Mail:[ y-shoji@crl.go.jp ] Abstract:[Description of new technology to reduce the creation cost of millimeter-wave systems.] Purpose:[Contribution to mmWIG at November 2003 meeting] Notice:This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release:The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

2. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/478r0 Submission November, 2003 Hiroyo Ogawa, CRL Slide 2 Low-Cost Millimeter-Wave Self-Heterodyne Technique and Its Application

3. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/478r0 Submission November, 2003 Hiroyo Ogawa, CRL Slide 3 Main Issues for Millimeter-Wave Systems Development 1.Creation of small inexpensive millimeter-wave devices 2.Creation of stable millimeter-wave oscillator to achieve frequency stability of signal transmission Conventional solution Use of phase-locked-loop oscillator configuration Use of primitive modulation format such as ASK (Amplitude-shift- keying) or FSK (Frequency-shift-keying) 3.Overcoming the problems of the necessity for Line of Sight (LoS) paths

4. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/478r0 Submission November, 2003 Hiroyo Ogawa, CRL Slide 4 Our cost-effective solution for each Issue Millimeter-wave self-heterodyne technique Combining with the antenna diversity reception technique 1.Creation of small inexpensive millimeter-wave devices 2.Creation of stable millimeter-wave oscillator to achieve frequency stability of signal transmission 3.Overcoming the problems of the necessity for LoS paths

5. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/478r0 Submission November, 2003 Hiroyo Ogawa, CRL Slide 5 Principle of Millimeter-Wave Self-Heterodyne Technique Transmission of Local Oscillator (LO) along with RF modulation signals and down-conversion of received RF signals by square-law detection Frequency offset and phase noise are completely cancelled out Low-cost LO is available at Tx. and no LO is required at Rx.

6. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/478r0 Submission November, 2003 Hiroyo Ogawa, CRL Slide 6 Demonstration system Transmitter and receiver developed for video signal transmission system 110 mm 62 mm Transmitter (face and back) Receiver Local-oscillator, mixer, amplifiers, BPF, and antenna included Square-law detector, amplifiers, and BPF included

7. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/478r0 Submission November, 2003 Hiroyo Ogawa, CRL Slide 7 Phase noise Cancellation Effect No phase noise degradation after mmW transmission !! Offset frequency [kHz]510100 IF input carrier [dBc/Hz]-98-104-117 Local carrier [dBc/Hz]-45-49-80 IF output carrier [dBc/Hz]-97-103-117 1. IF input signal/carrier characteristics2. IF output signal/carrier characteristics Comparison of phase-noise power

8. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/478r0 Submission November, 2003 Hiroyo Ogawa, CRL Slide 8 An Example Simple mmW Application - mmW Video Transmission System - Re-broadcasting of all the video channels Point-to-Multipoint (P-MP) system structure with a broad-beam transmitter

9. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/478r0 Submission November, 2003 Hiroyo Ogawa, CRL Slide 9 A Problem and Solution to the Interception by Blockage of LoS path Millimeter-wave link requires LoS path Signal interception by Blockage of Line-of-Sight path Installing two millimeter-wave receivers (antenna diversity reception) Reduced probability that the communication link is disconnected

10. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/478r0 Submission November, 2003 Hiroyo Ogawa, CRL Slide 10 Combining Antenna Diversity based on Millimeter-Wave Self-Heterodyne Technique Easy in-phase signal combining by using self- heterodyne technique (Up/Down-conversion process never affects frequency of IF output from each receiver) Transmitter for Self-Heterodyne Self-Heterodyne Receiver #2 Power Combiner Demodulator Modulator Using several self-heterodyning receivers enables combining diversity reception in a simple and low- cost manner MMW IF out1 IF out2 Self-Heterodyne Receiver #1

11. doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/478r0 Submission November, 2003 Hiroyo Ogawa, CRL Slide 11 Conclusion Millimeter-wave Self-heterodyne technique is introduced Self-heterodyne technique is a key technology for reducing the mmW system cost and for solving the problem of blockage of LoS path Millimeter-wave Self-heterodyne technique is a promising PHY for mmW system