1. IEEE 802.15-09-0113-00-004g Submission: Battery Operated Applications 1 March 2009 Hirohito Nishiyama, Ryoji Ono, Seiichi HiraokaSlide 1 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Battery Operated Applications] Date Submitted: [1 March 2009] Source: [Hirohito Nishiyama] Company [Mitsubishi Electric Corp.] [Ryoji Ono] Company [Mitsubishi Electric Corp.] [Seiichi Hiraoka] Company [Mitsubishi Electric Corp.] Address [5-1-1 Ofuna, Kamakura, Kanagawa, Japan] Voice:[+81-467-41-2122] E-Mail: [{Nishiyama.Hirohito@ah, Ono.Ryoji@aj, Hiraoka.Seiichi@dw}.MitsubishiElectric.co.jp] Re: [IEEE 802.15.4g group] Abstract:Review of battery operated application. Purpose:To deploy low power feature to enable multi-year battery operation. Notice:This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release:The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

2. IEEE 802.15-09-0113-00-004g Submission: Battery Operated Applications 1 March 2009 Hirohito Nishiyama, Ryoji Ono, Seiichi HiraokaSlide 2 Battery Operated Applications Hirohito Nishiyama, Ryoji Ono, Seiichi Hiraoka Mitsubishi Electric Corp. 1 Mar. 2008

3. IEEE 802.15-09-0113-00-004g Submission: Battery Operated Applications 1 March 2009 Hirohito Nishiyama, Ryoji Ono, Seiichi HiraokaSlide 3 Contents Motivation Applications –Meter Reading in Japan –Outdoor Control & Monitoring Application Requirements Review of Power Saving Techniques –Sample Listening –Scheduling Requirements for PHY

4. IEEE 802.15-09-0113-00-004g Submission: Battery Operated Applications 1 March 2009 Hirohito Nishiyama, Ryoji Ono, Seiichi HiraokaSlide 4 Motivation There are some battery operated systems in the field of meter reading and outdoor control & monitoring. Such systems require multi-year battery life. IEEE802.15.4-2006 could not satisfy requirements for these applications. IEEE802.15.4g standard will need to provide low power features that enable multi-year battery operation.

5. IEEE 802.15-09-0113-00-004g Submission: Battery Operated Applications 1 March 2009 Hirohito Nishiyama, Ryoji Ono, Seiichi HiraokaSlide 5 Application – Meter Reading in Japan In Japan, meter reading systems for electricity, gas and water are deployed individually. Volume of the market is potentially about 50M units for each. Gas and water –Devices should operate by battery. –Battery life of devices should be over 10 years. Electricity –Power supply is available,... –... but we should consider following issues. If there are 50M units, a) power consumption is 43.8GWh a year. b) cost for power is $5.8M a year.

6. IEEE 802.15-09-0113-00-004g Submission: Battery Operated Applications 1 March 2009 Hirohito Nishiyama, Ryoji Ono, Seiichi HiraokaSlide 6 Application – Outdoor Control & Monitoring Environment and disaster monitoring –climate, forest fire, landslide, etc... Urban monitoring and control –streetlight control & monitoring –parking lot –maintenance of equipment These applications require multi-year or solar battery operation. There are a lot of use cases!

7. IEEE 802.15-09-0113-00-004g Submission: Battery Operated Applications 1 March 2009 Hirohito Nishiyama, Ryoji Ono, Seiichi HiraokaSlide 7 Application Requirements Gas/Water Meter ReadingOutdoor Control & Monitoring battery life10 years1 to 5 years types of communications ・ meter reading data ・ alarm - gas leak - malfunction of equipments ・ keep-alive ・ event notification - sign of disaster - change of condition - malfunction of equipments ・ keep-alive frequency of communication ・ several times a day for reading data and keep-alive ・ few or no for alarm ・ several times a day for keep- alive ・ few or no for event notification delay ・ several seconds for alarm ・ several seconds for event notification

8. IEEE 802.15-09-0113-00-004g Submission: Battery Operated Applications 1 March 2009 Hirohito Nishiyama, Ryoji Ono, Seiichi HiraokaSlide 8 ■ Sample Listening (B-MAC, etc) Procedure - Sender transmits a long preamble before sending data. - Receiver samples channel periodically and receives data when it detects preamble. Evaluation of characteristics - Power consumption of sampling is very small. - A few 100ms delay per hop. This technique could satisfy the application requirements. Review of Power Saving Techniques

9. IEEE 802.15-09-0113-00-004g Submission: Battery Operated Applications 1 March 2009 Hirohito Nishiyama, Ryoji Ono, Seiichi HiraokaSlide 9 Review of Power Saving Techniques (cont.) ■ Scheduling (S-MAC, T-MAC, etc) Procedure - Each node periodically listens channel. - Each node knows listening schedules of its neighbors. - Sender transmits data within receiver's listen period. Evaluation of characteristics - Periodical listening is not as efficient as sample listening. It is difficult to satisfy both requirements of battery life and delay.

10. IEEE 802.15-09-0113-00-004g Submission: Battery Operated Applications 1 March 2009 Hirohito Nishiyama, Ryoji Ono, Seiichi HiraokaSlide 10 Requirements for PHY Transmission of wakeup signal –The length of the wakeup signal is 100ms ~ several seconds. Sampling of wakeup signal –Periodical sampling of channel (= carrier sense) –Hopefully implemented in RF chip. These functions could be optional.

11. IEEE 802.15-09-0113-00-004g Submission: Battery Operated Applications 1 March 2009 Hirohito Nishiyama, Ryoji Ono, Seiichi HiraokaSlide 11 Conclusion Reviewed battery operated applications. The requirements of these applications: –Battery life should be multi-year. –Communication happens several times a day. –Alarm/notification should be sent within several seconds. Sample listening technique has a potential to satisfy these requirements and is easy to introduce.

12. IEEE 802.15-09-0113-00-004g Submission: Battery Operated Applications 1 March 2009 Hirohito Nishiyama, Ryoji Ono, Seiichi HiraokaSlide 12 Any Questions?

13. IEEE 802.15-09-0113-00-004g Submission: Battery Operated Applications 1 March 2009 Hirohito Nishiyama, Ryoji Ono, Seiichi HiraokaSlide 13 Thanks!